【作者】 李娜；

【导师】 王俊；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 高等教育学， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 2021年,我国高等教育入学率已经超过50%,迈入了普及化阶段。与此同时,高等教育质量问题成为社会关注的重点。在教育部等官方主导的教学评估和各种半官方、民间第三方的评估如火如荼的开展背景下,学生就读经验成为审视高等教育质量的一个重要维度和全新视角。我国是一个多民族的国家,少数民族硕士研究生兼具少数民族与硕士研究生的双重身份。他们在研究生阶段的学习,不仅是为了实现自身发展,也肩负着发展家乡经济和教育的重任。本研究以美国印第安纳大学编制的《大学生就读经验问卷》(College Student Experience Questionnaire,CSEQ)为参考,增加了文化部分的相关内容,以少数民族硕士研究生为调查对象,从学业背景、专业学习、人际交往、校园环境及发展管理等五个维度探讨少数民族硕士研究生的就读经验现状、差异、影响因素以及如何能有效提高少数民族高等教育的质量等方面的内容。研究发现,尽管在国家政策的支持下,少数民族高等教育取得了长足发展,但由于历史和现实的原因,仍然存在一些问题。本文在叙述14位各民族硕士研究生故事的基础上,对各个维度上少数民族硕士研究生就读经验的表现及影响因素进行了分析。结果表明,少数民族硕士研究生的就读经验主要有以下表现:由于政策宣传不到位、不清晰使少数民族硕士研究生尤其是少干生在选择读研时会有一定的盲目性。在校园学习和生活中面临着文化适应困难、课程学习和科研表现消极、与老师及同辈交往被动、时间规划不合理以及就业期望过高等问题。通过分析,笔者认为有如下影响因素:文化差异、学业要求、人际交往以及校园设施及制度等。为此,笔者认为应当从政府、高校和个人三个层面改进少数民族硕士研究生的就读经验。政府层面应当根据当地需要,调整少干生的人才结构;拓宽少数民族学生的就业领域,加强就业指导;发展少数民族地区经济与文化,提升少数民族学生的归属感和认同感。高校层面应当完善相关优惠政策的配套设施;建构开放的人才培养体系,合理设置课程;加强校园基础设施建设,增强对少数民族学生的人文关怀。教师层面,要增强师生互动,采取多种交流方式;加强师德师风建设,公平对待学生。少数民族学生个人层面,应当正确认识自己提高自我意识;增强诚信意识,树立建设家乡的远大理想。笔者力图再现出少数民族硕士研究生的真实就读经验及感受,为高校以及各类教育部门提供现实的借鉴意义,也为改善少数民族硕士研究生的学习状况,提高自主学习的能力提供新的切入点。更多还原

【Abstract】 In 2021,China’s higher education enrollment rate has exceeded 50%,entering the stage of popularization.At the same time,the quality of higher education has become the focus of social concern.In the context of official teaching evaluations led by the Ministry of Education and various semi-official and private third-party evaluations,student experience has become an important dimension and a new perspective for examining the quality of higher education.China is a multi-ethnic country.Minority postgraduates have the dual identities of ethnic minorities and postgraduates.Their study at the postgraduate level is not only to achieve their own development,but also to shoulder the important task of developing the economy and education of their hometown.This research uses the College Student Experience Questionnaire(CSEQ)compiled by Indiana University as a reference,and adds cultural content.Minority master graduate students are selected as the survey object.The study is based on academic background,professional learning,and interpersonal skills.The five dimensions of communication,campus environment and development management explore the current status,differences,influencing factors,and how to effectively improve the quality of ethnic minority higher education.The study found that although with the support of national policies,the higher education of ethnic minorities has made great progress,but due to historical and practical reasons,there are still some problems.Based on the stories of 14 postgraduates of various ethnic groups,this article analyzes the performance and influencing factors of the experience of minority postgraduates in various dimensions.The results show that the study experience of ethnic minority postgraduates mainly has the following manifestations:due to inadequate and unclear policy propaganda,ethnic minority postgraduates,especially young students,will be blinded in choosing postgraduate studies.Facing problems such as cultural adjustment difficulties,negative performance in curriculum learning and scientific research,passive communication with teachers and peers,unreasonable time planning,and high employment expectations in campus study and life.Through analysis,the author believes that there are the following influencing factors:cultural differences,academic requirements,interpersonal communication,campus facilities and systems,etc.For this reason,the author believes that the study experience of minority postgraduates should be improved from the three levels of the government,universities and individuals.The government level should adjust the talent structure of young cadres according to local needs;broaden the employment fields of ethnic minority students and strengthen employment guidance;develop the economy and culture of ethnic minority areas and enhance the sense of belonging and identity of ethnic minority students.The university level should improve the supporting facilities of relevant preferential policies;build an open talent training system,set up courses reasonably;strengthen the construction of-campus infrastructure,and enhance the humanistic care for minority students.At the teacher level,it is necessary to enhance teacher-student interaction and adopt multiple communication methods;strengthen the construction of teacher ethics and style,and treat students fairly.At the personal level,ethnic minority students should correctly understand themselves and improve their self-awareness;enhance their sense of integrity and establish the lofty ideal of building their hometown.The author tries to reproduce the real learning experience and feelings of ethnic minority postgraduates,providing practical reference for universities and various education departments,and also providing a new entry point for improving the learning conditions of ethnic minority postgraduates and enhancing their independent learning ability.更多还原