【作者】 王爽；

【导师】 李宏兵；

【作者基本信息】 北京邮电大学 ， 应用经济学， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 十九大以来,在实施乡村振兴和打赢脱贫攻坚战的战略指引下,农民人均可支配收入持续以较快速度增长,城乡收入差距持续缩小。但近年来我国面临的国际政治经济环境不确定性增强,国内经济下行压力持续增大,农民增收需要新的动力。作为近年来兴起的新型商业模式,电子商务被视为农民突破原有市场分割,实现脱贫增收的新动能。对农村电子商务发展和农民收入分配内在关系的研究,不但能够使农村电子商务发展的收入分配效应在理论上得以理清,也能为当前基于农村电商发展,推进数字乡村战略并打赢脱贫攻坚战提供经验支持。利用2009—2017年阿里巴巴的“淘宝村”统计数据与我国相关县级指标匹配,在提出研究假设的基础上,运用双向固定效应模型、中介效应模型及PSM等多种实证方法,检验农村电子商务发展对农民增收、城乡收入差距的影响。研究发现:(1)农村电子商务发展能显著促进农民增收,对城乡收入差距影响呈“倒U型”;(2)分地区看,农村电子商务发展对农民增收的促进作用中西部优于东部、高市场化水平地区优于低市场化水平地区,农村电子商务对城乡收入差距影响中西部地区显著东部地区不显著、高市场化水平地区显著低市场化水平地区不显著;(3)从影响机制看,对农村电子商务影响农民增收地区经济发展水平有正向调节作用、政府财政支持力度有负向调节作用、居民储蓄水平不存在调节作用,对农村电子商务影响城乡收入差距地区经济发展水平没有调节作用、政府财政支持力度有负向调节作用、居民储蓄水平有负向调节作用;(4)从中介机制看,农村电子商务通过促进农民返乡就业促进农民增收,通过产业结构高级化影响城乡收入差距;(5)进一步研究发现,农村电子商务聚集不利于城乡居民增收,这种消极影响先作用于农村居民群体。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC),under the guidance of the strategy of rural revitalization and the battle against poverty,the per capita disposable income of rural residents has continued to grow at a relatively fast pace,and the urban-rural income gap has continued to narrow.However,in recent years,China has been faced with increasing uncertainties in the international political and economic environment,and the downward pressure on the domestic economy continues to increase.Farmers need new impetus to increase their incomes.As a new business model emerging in recent years,e-commerce is regarded as a new driving force for farmers to break through the original market segmentation and achieve poverty alleviation and income increase.The research on the internal relationship between rural e-commerce development and farmers’ income distribution can not only clarify the income distribution effect of rural e-commerce development in theory,but also provide empirical support for promoting digital rural strategy and winning the battle of poverty alleviation based on the current rural e-commerce development.By using the statistical data of Alibaba’s "Taobao Village" from 2009 to 2017 to match the relevant county-level indicators in China,on the basis of the research hypothesis,this paper uses a variety of empirical methods such as two-way fixed effect model,mediating effect model and PSM to test the impact of rural e-commerce development on farmers’ income increase and urban-rural income gap.The results show that:(1)The development of rural e-commerce significantly promotes farmers’ income,the urban-rural income gap presents an "inverted U-shaped" trend;(2)From the perspective of regions,the promotion effect of rural e-commerce development on farmers’ income is better in the central and western regions than in the eastern regions,while that in the regions with high marketization level is better than that in the regions with low marketization level.The effect of rural e-commerce development on the income gap between urban and rural areas is significant in the central and western regions and not in eastern region,is significant in the regions with high marketization level and not significant in the regions with low marketization level.(3)From the influence mechanism,on how rural e-commerce affect farmers’ income,level of regional economic development has a positive regulatory role,government fiscal support has a negative regulatory role,household saving level has no regulatory role;on how rural e-commerce affect income gap between urban and rural areas,the level of economic development has no regulating effect,the government financial support has a negative regulating effect,and the household savings level has a negative regulating effect;(4)From the perspective of intermediary mechanism,rural e-commerce promotes farmers’ income by promoting farmers’ return to their hometown for employment,and influences the urban-rural income gap through the advanced industrial structure;(5)Further research shows that excessive clustering of rural e-commerce is not conducive to income increase of urban and rural residents,and this negative effect first affects rural residents.更多还原