【作者】 王晨；

【导师】 林艳；

【作者基本信息】 东北农业大学 ， 会计学， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,我国正处于经济全球化进程中,国家之间的竞争转变为创新之间的竞争。通过鼓励高新技术企业的发展,带动我国创新能力的提升。由于愈发激烈的竞争环境,使得创新对企业财务绩效的影响力变大。高新技术企业为了保证企业财务绩效的稳定,需要将创新能力维持在一定的水平,研发支出能在一定程度上体现企业创新能力。国家通过发放政府补助和税收优惠政策来提升高新技术企业进行创新活动的积极性,而财税政策背后暗含的逻辑是通过提高企业创新水平,来带动企业的快速成长和高质量发展,进而影响企业财务绩效。高新技术企业获得财税政策扶持会使企业加大研发支出力度,进而更加能够提升企业财务绩效水平。因此,本文在分别研究财税政策和研发支出对企业财务绩效影响的同时,将财税政策纳入模型中作为调节变量,探讨其对研发支出与企业财务绩效关系的调节作用,以期为改善企业财务绩效提供更多的思路,对于完善财税政策也具有一定的现实意义。本文为了更好凸显主题,先对研究背景、目的、意义进行了简单的阐述,并且归纳总结了近年国内外学者对相关问题的观点意见。在基础概念部分,本文界定了研发支出、财税政策、企业财务绩效等基本概念,并对信息不对称理论、外部性理论、生产要素理论和技术创新理论进行了梳理。随后,在理论分析章节分别对财税政策对企业财务绩效的影响,以及研发支出对企业财务绩效的影响进行论述,并讨论了财税政策在研发支出和企业财务绩效中间的调节作用。在实证设计部分确定研究假设、确定样本的选取和数据的来源并进行了模型构建。然后,本文在实证分析部分将高新技术企业作为研究主体,通过使用2015-2019年的研究样本数据,对提出的研究假设进行实证分析。研究结果表明:财税政策与企业财务绩效呈显著正相关关系,即收到财税政策扶持的企业,其财务绩效越好。研发支出与企业财务绩效具有显著正相关关系且具有滞后效应,即企业加大研发支出力度,能促进企业财务绩效的提升。财税政策能促进研发支出对企业财务绩效的正向影响作用,即受到财税政策扶持的企业加大研发支出力度,能够更加促进企业财务绩效的提升。然后,对实证结果进行了整体分析,提出了相应的政策建议。希望政府能优化财税政策要求,激励高新技术企业持续进行研发活动,提升企业竞争力,助力高新技术企业发展。希望企业能够合理的利用财税政策和开展研发活动,以达到改善企业财务绩效的目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nowadays,as a process of economic globalization,the development of science technology is essential more and more.In addition,the power of innovation need to be improved in China in accordance with the competition of innovation and talents between countries.The improvement of national innovation shall not only rely on relevant scientific research institutions and universities,but also the enterprises with capacity of research and innovation,in which the high-tech enterprise occupies a very prominent position especially.Therefore,the high-tech enterprise is selected as research object in this article.Due to the fierce competition in the environment,some innovative methods exert more significant influence on the financial performance of enterprises.In order to gain competitive advantages,the high-tech enterprise need to carry out R&D innovative activities continuously and keep steady development,so that the R&D expenditure influence innovative activities extremely.Therefore,the relationship between R&D research and corporate financial performance shall be studied.In order to promote economic transformation and foster the self-innovation of high-tech enterprises,the national fiscal and taxation policies play a vital role.The state helps to promote the good and good of high-tech enterprises by issuing government subsidies and preferential tax policies.The logic behind the fiscal and taxation policies is to promote the rapid growth and high-quality development of enterprises by enhancing the level of innovation of high-tech enterprises.Create the vigorous development of the entire industry.Therefore,I want to conduct research and discussion on the significance of fiscal and taxation policies to corporate financial performance.Generally speaking,there is a close relationship between R&D expenditures and corporate innovation.The higher the level of R&D expenditures,the higher the level of corporate scientific research.The practical significance that can be abstracted from this background knows us.When discussing and researching and pointing out the relevant relationship with corporate financial performance,the role of fiscal and taxation policies in it is a link that cannot be ignored.Has the fiscal and taxation policy implemented by the government played its due role? Does the fiscal and taxation policy have a moderating effect between R&D expenditure and corporate financial performance? It is worthy of our further study.In this article,in order to better highlight the theme,the research background,purpose,and significance are briefly explained,and the insights of domestic and foreign scholars on related issues in recent years are extracted.In the basic concept display part,this article defines basic concepts such as R&D expenditure,fiscal and taxation policies,and corporate finance,and simply clarifies the asymmetric information theory,externalities,production factors theory,and technical innovation theory.Then,in the theoretical analysis part,the article analyzes the relationship between fiscal and taxation policies,R&D expenditures and corporate financial performance,and discusses the moderating effects of fiscal and taxation policies on R&D expenditures and corporate financial performance.In the empirical design part,the research hypothesis is determined,the sample selection and the source of the data are determined,and the model is constructed.Then,in the empirical analysis part,the article uses the 2015-2019 financial data of high-tech companies as a research sample,and uses a panel data model to respectively estimate the correlation between fiscal policies corporate financial performance,and the correlation between R&D expenditure and corporate financial performance.Regression of related variables such as the moderating effect of fiscal and taxation policies on R&D expenditures and corporate financial performance was carried out.Based on the above analysis,with the aid of empirical research results,the article gives suggestions for improving the fiscal and taxation policies of high-tech enterprises in order to improve the corporate financial performance.In the process of assisting the construction of innovative China,high-tech enterprises need the joint efforts of the government and enterprises to cultivate their independent innovation capabilities,thereby improving their financial performance and accelerating their growth.This means that the government needs to issue sound fiscal and taxation policies for industry guidance,and companies need to rationally use fiscal and taxation policies to promote their own sound development,thereby improving corporate financial performance.I believe that in the near future,high-tech enterprises can help my country continue to accelerate the process of building an innovative country,and clearly call for the construction of world-class scientific and technological forces.更多还原