【作者】 常颖；

【导师】 田波；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 工商管理（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 JL公司是客车整车研发制造领军企业之一,经过2002-2012年的黄金增长期,已经达到了大型制造企业的规模。随着高铁、地铁的快速发展,私家车、网约车兴起,近几年来又受到了国内外经济增速放缓的影响,其发展速度明显放缓。在国家近年出台的客车新能源补贴政策刺激下,公司销售额有了起色,开始缓慢增长,但随着新能源补贴政策额度的逐年减少,以及近两年新冠疫情的影响,公共交通的使用率下降,公司的销售压力陡增。另外,伴随着中美贸易战和新冠疫情对世界经济的影响,客车的出口也受到了影响,导致行业内部竞争更加激烈,价格战使得公司的利润率降到了较低水平,在这种内忧外患之际,提升客车产品性能是JL公司的新出路,保持公司的行业技术领先地位是公司的长久发展之路。客车性能提升项目是公司技术性能提升的一个主要大项目,该项目包含了公司对行业新技术的探索研究、车辆运行中疑难问题的迅速解决方案、及时响应国家的标准变动等内容,客车性能提升项目能否成功实施,对解决公司现阶段的主要问题至关重要,优化该项目管理也是公司技术能力提升的重要保证。本文通过对JL公司客车性能提升项目组织、项目管理过程及项目管理方法等现状分析,找到项目管理中的痛点问题,并进行了项目管理优化方案设计,通过对项目组织结构的优化、人员的调整以及增加激励政策等办法解决跨部门协作困难问题;通过对项目分配计划和管理流程的优化解决项目计划管理不科学问题;研究项目的瓶颈约束结合TOC理论对项目管理进行优化,设立阶段性项目评审和里程碑管理,解决子项目完成率低、运行效率低问题;通过调查问卷法提炼项目结果评价的关键要素并设计效果评价模型,填补公司性能项目实施效果无有效评价方案的空白。为保障优化方案的有效实施,给出了政策制度保障、人员保障及文化保障等措施。预期项目管理优化方案实施后,项目的痛点问题有所改善,项目的运行效率和子项目的完成率有明显的提升,客户车辆运行中的问题能及时得到解决,很好的维护了公司与客户的关系,增加二次销售的可能。性能提升项目的效率提升能提高公司的技术优势,进而取得市场上的销售优势。通过管理方法的改进,可以加强公司的行业技术优势,助力JL公司持续发展再创辉煌。随车客车技术的不断进步提升,客车性能提升项目的子项目数量还会继续增加,技术难度也会不断的提升,项目整体计划会不断的变动调整,需要研究项目管理信息平台建设,汇总项目相关信息,持续跟踪性能提升项目管理。更多还原

【Abstract】 JL is one of the leading enterprises in the development and manufacture of complete buses.After the golden growth period from 2002 to 2012,JL has reached the scale of a large manufacturing enterprise.However,with the rapid development of high-speed rail and subway and the rise of private cars and online car-hailing,the development speed has slowed down significantly in recent years due to the impact of the economic slowdown at home and abroad.Under the stimulus of the new energy subsidy policy for passenger cars issued by the state in recent years,the company’s sales have improved and started to grow slowly.However,with the annual reduction of the new energy subsidy policy and the influence of the COVID-19 epidemic in recent years,the utilization rate of public transportation has decreased,and the company’s sales pressure has increased sharply.In addition,with the impact of Sino-US trade war and COVID-19 on the world economy,the export of passenger cars has also been affected,leading to more intense internal competition in the industry,and the price war has reduced the company’s profit margin to a low level.In the face of such internal and external troubles,improving the performance of passenger cars is a new way out for JL.Maintaining the leading position of industry technology is the long-term development road of the company.Bus performance improvement project is one of the main technical performance improvement projects,the project contains the company to the exploration of new technology industry development,problems in the operation of the vehicle in a fast solution,timely response to the national standard changes such as content,passenger car performance improvements in successful implementation of the project,is very important to solve the main problem of the company at this stage,Optimizing the project management is also an important guarantee for improving the company’s technical ability.This article through to JL company bus performance improvement project organization,project management process and project management methods such as the status quo analysis,find the pain spot problems in project management,and project management optimization design,through the optimization of project organization structure,personnel adjustment and increase the incentives of way to solve the problem of inter-departmental coordination difficulties;To solve the unscientific problem of project plan management by optimizing the project allocation plan and management process;The bottleneck constraint of the research project is combined with the TOC theory to optimize the project management,and the phased project review and milestone management are set up to solve the problems of low completion rate and low operating efficiency of sub-projects.The key elements of project result evaluation are extracted by questionnaire method and the effect evaluation model is designed to fill the blank of no effective evaluation scheme for the implementation effect of the company’s performance project.In order to ensure the effective implementation of the optimization scheme,measures such as policy and system guarantee,personnel guarantee and culture guarantee are given.It is expected that after the implementation of the project management optimization scheme,the pain points of the project will be improved,the operation efficiency of the project and the completion rate of sub-projects will be significantly improved,and the company can timely provide solutions for the problems in the operation of customers’ vehicles,which can well maintain the relationship between the company and customers and increase the possibility of second sales.The efficiency improvement of the performance improvement program enables the company to lead the application of new technology in the industry and gain a sales advantage in the market.Through the improvement of management methods,the company can strengthen the industry technology advantages,help JL company to continue to develop and create brilliant.With the continuous improvement of passenger car technology,the number of sub-projects of passenger car performance improvement project will continue to increase,the technical difficulty will also continue to increase,and the overall project plan will constantly change and adjust.Therefore,it is necessary to study the construction of project management information platform,collect relevant information of the project,and continuously track the performance improvement project management.更多还原