【作者】 王国栋；

【导师】 王明伟；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 中国史， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 洮昂铁路是一条由奉天当局向日本方面借款而修筑的国有铁路,也是满铁铁路网重要的营养线之一。该路是进出东北西部地区重要的通道,始自洮南终至昂昂溪,也是连接东北西部南北的桥梁。洮昂铁路因由奉天当局向日本方面借款而修筑,导致该路的部分路权为满铁方面所攫取,其日常的经营活动也受到满铁方面的约束和影响,同时日方也利用该路将自身影响逐步渗透至俄国所控制的东北北部地区。洮昂铁路筑成之后,对于沿线地区甚至东北地区的经济和政治都产生了深刻的影响,可见洮昂铁路的修筑是必然的,该路在经济、军事、政治等方面都有重要的价值。本文主要分为四部分:第一部分主要介绍了洮昂铁路修筑的历史背景。首先对洮昂铁路沿线地区的基本情况进行了介绍。面对日益严重的东北边疆危机,中央政府和东北地方当局都做了积极应对,企图在铁路方面取得较大突破,打破日俄对东北铁路的垄断局面,以此来稳固自身在东北的地位。其次,日本方面也积极筹划洮昂铁路的修筑,以图扩大自身的铁路网及影响,可以进一步掌控东北。与此同时,东北西部地区出现发展迟缓、商品及货物积压等问题,需要近代交通方式缓解运输压力,带动沿线经济的发展。第二部分主要介绍了洮昂铁路修筑计划的提出及中日关于相关问题的交涉。洮昂铁路的修筑计划由日方向奉天方面提出,并希望可以主导相关事项,遭到了中方的否决,后经过多轮激烈的谈判,由中方向日本方面借款修筑,日本方面承担修筑工程并派员监督。双方关于铁路修筑的其他事项都进行了激烈的争论,最终都基本上达成妥协,为洮昂铁路的修筑奠定了基础。同时介绍了洮昂铁路修筑工程实施前中日双方所做的准备以及洮昂铁路工程具体施工过程。因洮昂铁路牵涉多方利益,故在达成修筑协议之后,中日双方就积极筹备,确定施工日期之后,就加快了勘测、购地、测量等进度,最终于1926年完成了洮昂铁路的修筑工程。第三部分主要介绍了洮昂铁路的联运过程以及经营状况。洮昂铁路投入运营之后,就同其他铁路开展联运问题与相关机构进行了积极交涉,并达成了四路联运共识,颁行了一系列铁路联运章程。洮昂铁路的日常收入主要来自客运和货运,但由于自身的原因与日本方面沉重的借款本息,使得洮昂铁路局经常出现收不抵支,经营难以为继。第四部分主要介绍了洮昂铁路建成之后的意义和影响。洮昂铁路的修筑促进了铁路沿线地区的经济发展,提高该地区的商品化程度,一批城镇得以兴起和发展,地区的城镇化程度也得到了提高,在一定程度上对于满铁起到了抵制作用,推动自主铁路网的进程,加强了东北当局对于西部地区的管控。由此可见,洮昂铁路的修筑是当时时局的必然结果,日本方面多有压榨,但该路对沿线地区甚至整个东北都产生了重要影响,因此我们应当更加客观、公正的重新审视洮昂铁路的现实意义和历史价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taoang railway is a state-owned railway built by the Mukden authorities with loan from Japan,and it is also one of the important nourishing lines of the Manchurian railway network.This road is an important passage in and out of the western part of Northeast China,starting from Taonan and ending at Anangxi,and is also a bridge connecting the north and south of the western part of Northeast China.Due to the construction of Taonang Railway by the Mukden authorities who borrowed money from Japan,part of the road rights of the railway were seized by Manchuria,and its daily business activities were also restricted and influenced by Manchuria.At the same time,the Japanese side also used the road to gradually infiltrate its influence into the northern part of Northeast China controlled by Russia.After the construction of Tao ’ang Railway,it has exerted a profound influence on the economy and politics of the areas along the railway and even the northeast area.It can be seen that the construction of Tao ’ang Railway is inevitable,and the road is of great value in economy,military affairs and politics.This paper is divided into four parts: The first part mainly introduces the historical background of Taoang railway construction.First of all,in the face of the increasingly serious northeast frontier crisis,the central government and the northeast local authorities have made a positive response,in an attempt to make a big breakthrough in the railway,to break the monopoly of Japan and Russia on the northeast railway,so as to consolidate their own position in the northeast.Secondly,Japan also actively planned the construction of Taonang Railway to expand its own railway network and influence,so as to further control the Northeast China.At the same time,the development of the northeast and western regions of the backlog of commodities and goods,the need for modern transportation to relieve the pressure of transportation,to promote the economic development along the line.The second part mainly introduces the proposal of Taoang railway construction plan and the negotiation between China and Japan on related issues.Taoang railway construction plan put forward by the Japanese side to Mukden,and hope to lead the relevant matters,was otherwise by the Chinese side,after many rounds of intense negotiations,by the Chinese side to borrow money to build,the Japanese side undertook to build the project and sent personnel to supervise.Both sides on the construction of other matters of the railway had a heated debate,and finally basically reached a consensus,for the construction of Taoang railway laid a foundation.At the same time,the preparation made by China and Japan before the construction of Taonang Railway Project and the concrete construction process of Taonang Railway Project are introduced.Since the Taonang railway involved various interests,after reaching the construction agreement,the two sides made active preparations.After the date of construction was determined,the investigation,land purchase,survey and other progress were made as soon as possible.Finally,the construction of the Taonang railway was completed in 1926.The third part mainly introduces the combined transportation process of Taoang Railway and its own operating conditions.After Taoang Railway was put into operation,it made active negotiation with relevant institutions on the issue of intermodal transportation with other railways,and reached a four-way intermodal transportation and issued a series of railway intermodal regulations.The daily income of Taonang Railway mainly comes from passenger transport and freight transport.However,due to its own reasons and the heavy loan principal and interest from the Japanese side,Taonang Railway Bureau often fails to make ends meet and its operation is difficult to sustain.The fourth part mainly introduces the significance and influence of Taoang Railway after its completion.China,railway construction to promote the economic development in the region along the railway,improve the degree of commercialization of the region,a number of towns was able to rise and development of regional urbanization level has improved,to some extent for Man Tie have played an important role to resist,promote the process of independent network,strengthen the northeast authorities for the control of the western region.Therefore,it can be seen that the construction of Taonang Railway was the inevitable result of the situation at that time,and the Japanese side had a lot of oppression,but the road had an important impact on the area along the road and even the whole northeast,so we should be more objective and fair to re-examine the realistic and historical value of Taonang Railway.更多还原