高中数学新旧教材结构及内容的比较分析

【作者】 李坤；

【导师】 蒋继强；

【作者基本信息】 曲阜师范大学 ， 教育硕士（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 2003年,教育部印发了《普通高中数学课程标准(实验稿)》(以下简称“旧课标”),人民教育出版社中学数学课程教材研究开发中心据此编写了《普通高中课程标准实验教科书数学(1—5)必修A版》教材(以下简称为“旧教材”)。随着社会的不断发展与进步,新时代的社会主要矛盾发生了转变,对于国民素质以及人才培养的标准也有了新的要求,因此在教育改革的新形势下,教育部于2013年启动了普通高中课程修订工作,并制定了《普通高中数学课程标准(2017年版)》(以下简称“新课标”),同时课程研究开发中心据此编写了《普通高中教科书数学必修第一、二册》(以下简称“新教材”)。本研究以高中数学人教A版新、旧必修教材为研究对象,研究载体是教材的内容及结构,主要研究了高中数学新、旧必修教材(人教A版)的内容及结构发生了怎样的变化等问题,并通过阅读大量与教材比较分析相关的文献整理出了具体的研究思路。本文主要通过对比分析法和比较法,对新、旧教材的教材结构顺序和教材内容顺序等进行了对比分析,还对例、习题的数量进行了统计和比较。综合几个方面,来总结新、旧必修教材发生了怎样的变化,以便更深入的了解高中数学的发展。通过比较得出结论:新、旧教材的组织结构不同,“知识领域—知识单元—知识点”是旧教材展开内容的方式,新教材则是以“主线—主题—核心内容”展开;新教材将所有知识点划分为三条主线,并增加预备知识以及数学建模和数学探究两部分内容,旧教材则是将必修教材的内容分为五个模块;新教材中有70%以上的知识点与旧教材完全相同;新教材所占的学分和课时数少于旧教材;新教材小结中的知识结构图有3/4以上的内容与旧教材相同;新教材的章节引言发生较大变化;新教材在色彩的运用和版面设计上比旧教材更美观;新教材的知识内容安排更符合学生高中数学的学习规律;新教材的例、习题数量略多于旧教材中例习题的数量等等。总之,新版必修教材与旧版必修教材中的知识内容有70%以上保持一致,其中部分内容作了增减,部分内容的展开方式发生变化。另外,新教材更注重学生的数学文化以及数学学科核心素养的培养,在知识的学习过程中,还添加了一些实际案例,以此来培养学生的数学思维和数学能力,促进学生的全面发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 In 2003,the Ministry of Education issued the General High School Mathematics Curriculum Standards(Experimental Draft)(hereinafter referred to as the "old curriculum standards").According to the document,the Textbook Research and Development Center of the People’s Education Press compiled the textbook "Mathematics(1-5)Compulsory A Edition of the Standard Experimental Textbook for Ordinary High School Curriculum"(hereinafter referred to as the "Old Textbook").Nowadays,the main contradiction of society has changed,and the standards of cultivating national quality and cultivating talents have made new requirements in our country.Therefore,the Ministry of Education began to revise the curriculum in 2013,and formulated the General High School Mathematics Curriculum Standards(2017 Edition)(hereinafter referred to as the "New Curriculum Standards").At the same time,Ordinary High School Textbook Mathematics Compulsory Volume 1 and Volume 2(hereinafter referred to as the "New Textbook")was compiled by the PEP.This paper studies the difference between the new and old compulsory textbooks of A edition for senior high school mathematics teaching.It mainly studies the changes of the content and structure of the new and old compulsory textbooks for senior high school mathematics(PEP A edition).Contrastive analysis and comparative method are mainly used in this paper.The order of structure and textbook contents are compared.The number of examples and exercises is counted and compared.According to the above,to sum up the new and the old compulsory teaching material happened what kind of change,in order to understand the development of high school mathematics.Many conclusions are drawn from the comparison.First of all,the organizational structure of the new and old textbooks is different.The old textbook develops with "knowledge domain--knowledge unit--knowledge point",while the new textbook presents the course content with the structure of "main line--theme--core content".The new textbook divides all the knowledge points into three main lines and adds two parts: preparatory knowledge,mathematical modeling and mathematical inquiry activities.The old textbooks divide the content of the required textbooks into five modules.More than 70% of the knowledge points in the new textbook are exactly the same as those in the old one.The new version of the required textbook occupies fewer credits and hours than the previous version.More than 3/4 of the knowledge structure diagram in the summary of the new textbook is the same as that in the old textbook.The chapter introduction of the new textbook has changed greatly.The design of the new teaching material is more beautiful than the old teaching material,and the color is more abundant.In the new textbook the arrangement of knowledge content is more in line with the learning rules of students’ high school mathematics.The number of examples and exercises in the new textbook slightly exceeds the number of examples and exercises in the old textbook In short,the new version of the required textbook and the old version of the required textbook in the knowledge content of more than 70% consistent,part of the content has been added or deleted,part of the content of the way to develop changes.In addition,the new textbooks focus on the cultivation of students’ mathematical culture and pay more attention to the core literacy of mathematics.In order to cultivate students’ mathematical thinking and ability and promote their all-round development,some practical cases are also added in the process of knowledge learning.更多还原