【作者】 李瑞；

【导师】 赵和楠；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 工商管理硕士（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 小微企业在我国国民经济中占据着重要地位,对拉动就业和促进经济发展做出了巨大贡献。小微企业的发展壮大离不开资金支持,商业银行的信贷支持是小微企业融资的最重要的渠道。然而,由于其天然具备规模较小、财务信息不健全、缺乏抵押品等特征,小微企业在融资方面普遍面临融资贵、融资难的困境。基于普惠金融的政策背景和自身业务多元化发展的实际需要,商业银行不断发展和创新自身小微企业信贷业务,助力解决小微企业融资困境。在这一过程中,受小微企业自身特性的影响,风险管理成为商业银行开展小微企业信贷业务所面临的重要问题,并在很大程度上制约了商业银行信贷业务发展的速度和规模。因此,商业银行如何提升自身信贷业务风险管理水平,就显得尤为重要。在上述背景下,本文以Y银行Z分行为例,主要通过深入访谈、工作观察等方式对Y银行Z分行小微信贷业务风险管理情况进行探究,研究发现当前Y银行Z分行小微企业信贷业务风险管理存在如下问题:第一,贷前客户风险识别手段单一;第二,贷后风险把控不到位;第三,信贷人员专业能力存在不足;第四,岗位职责不清晰;第五,信贷人员风险意识薄弱。究其原因:一是银企信息不对称增大了业务风险;二是风险评价体系不健全;三是信贷人才队伍建设不完善;四是组织架构不合理;五是缺乏有效绩效考核机制。基于此,文章提出如下Y银行Z分行小微企业信贷业务风险管理的改进建议:第一,强化信贷业务风险评估;第二,依托金融科技完善风险评价体系;第三,提升信贷人员整体专业素质水平;第四,优化业务流程和组织架构;第五,完善信贷人员绩效考核机制。通过上述举措,夯实Y银行Z分行小微企业信贷业务风险管理基础,提升信贷人员业务发展的积极性和风险管理的有效性,最终促进Z分行小微企业信贷业务风险防控能力的有效提升。更多还原

【Abstract】 Small and micro enterprises occupy an important position in the national economy and have made great contributions to stimulating employment and promoting economic development.The development and growth of small and micro enterprises is inseparable from financial support,credit support from commercial banks is the most important channel for small and micro enterprises to raise funds.However,due to their inherent small scale,incomplete financial information,and lack of collateral,small and micro enterprises generally face the difficulties of expensive financing and difficult financing in terms of financing.Based on the policy background of inclusive finance and the actual needs of the diversified development of its own business,commercial banks continue to develop and innovate their own small and micro enterprises credit business,and strive to solve their financing difficulties.In this process,affected by the inherent characteristics of small and micro enterprises,risk management has become an important issue faced by commercial banks in developing credit business for small and micro enterprises,to a large extent,it has restricted the development speed and scale of the credit business of commercial banks.In this way,for meeting the needs of the business development,how commercial banks can improve their risk management level is particularly important.In the above context,this article uses Z branch of Y bank as an example,mainly through in-depth interviews,work observations and other methods to explore the risk management of the small and micro credit business of Z branch of Y bank.The study found that the current risk management of small and micro-enterprise credit business of Z branch of Y bank has the following problems:First,there is a single risk identification method for pre-loan customers;second,control of post-loan risk is inadequate;third,the professional ability of personnel is insufficient;fourth,the job responsibilities are not clear;fifth,the risk awareness of personnel is weak.The reasons are as follows:First,bank-enterprise information asymmetry increases business risks;Second,the risk assessment system is not sound;Third,The construction of credit talent team is not perfect;Fourth,organizational structure is unreasonable;Fifth,the effective performance appraisal mechanism is insufficient.Based on this,the paper puts forward the following suggestions for the improvement of credit business risk management of small and micro enterprises in Z branch of Y bank:First,strengthen credit business risk assessment;Second,relying on financial technology to improve the risk evaluation system;Third,Improve the professional quality of credit personnel;Fourth,optimize the business process and organizational structure;Fifth,improve the credit staff performance appraisal mechanism.Through the above-mentioned measures,the foundation of risk management for small and micro enterprises credit business of Z branch of Y bank will be consolidated,and the enthusiasm of credit personnel’s business development and the effectiveness of risk management will be enhanced,finally promote Z branch small and micro enterprise credit business risk prevention and control ability to effectively enhance.更多还原