【作者】 王艳华；

【导师】 庞振超；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 教育硕士（教育管理）（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 传统的学生管理主要是教师主导,学生自主管理的实践较少,这种管理方式不再适应当今知识经济时代的发展。初中生独立意识的觉醒使他们在行为和心理上表现出强烈的自主愿望。初中生的教育管理模式需要转变,积极探讨学生自主发展和自我管理的内涵,培养他们的理性能力和独立人格,以此实现学生自主管理的目标。本文采取实证研究,调查初中生自主管理的总体状况,以及不同初中生群体在自主管理各维度的差异,探讨初中生自主管理存在的问题及原因,进而提高初中生自主管理能力,让“学生自主管理”理念落地生根。本文从学习、生活、人际交往、时间四个方面对初中生的自主管理能力进行调查,研究发现如下:一是城市初中生自主管理的整体状况一般(均值为141.83分)未达到优秀水平;二是在独生子女与非独生子女、住宿生与走读生的自主管理能力无显著差异,可能的原因是两两对比教育模式和教育环境相似;三是在性别、是否为班干部、不同班级类别、不同年级等方面存在显著差异,具体而言,一方面女生在生活自主管理维度得分高于男生,男生在人际交往自主管理维度得分高于女生,可能是遗传因素的不同造成性别特质的差异。另一方面班干部自主管理各维度得分均高于非班干部、实验班学生各维度得分均高于平行班、学生自主管理各维度得分随着年级升高降低,且均存在差异。根据以上研究发现,本文认为,城市初中生自主管理存在以下问题:自主管理能力整体发展水平偏低、缺乏自主管理活动、教师对学生自主管理的培养关注不到位、自主管理机制的推行缺乏制度保障。剖析原因主要有:初中生所处年龄阶段的特殊性;学生参与自主管理实践机会不均衡;学校对学生自主管理的重视程度不够;教育工作者对学生自主管理的认识存在偏差。最后,本文从学校外部环境至内部系统出发,就提升初中生自主管理的能力提出几点建议:一是构建有利于初中生自主管理发展的校内模式,二是创设有利于初中生自主管理发展的家庭环境,三是树立有利于初中生自主管理发展的社会育人环境。总之,本研究通过真实有效的数据分析城市初中生自主管理的状况问题,以期通过各方管理和配合为学生自主管理发展提供契机,促进学生个体自主管理能力的提升,促成独立人格的养成。更多还原

【Abstract】 The traditional students management is mainly led by teachers,a mode of no longer adapting the development of knowledge economy era,causing less practice of students’ self-management.The awakening of junior high school students’ consciousness of independence makes them show a strong desire of autonomy physically and mentally.In order to realize the goal of students’ self-management,the current mode of junior high school students’ education management needs to be changed through exploring the connotation of students’ independent development and self-management,and cultivating their rational abilities and independent personalities.In this study,the empirical ways were used to survey and research the overall situation of self-management of junior high school students in city,and the difference among students groups in dimensions of self-management.Analysizing and discussing main problems and reasons of junior high school students’ self-management,the paper provide the strategies and methods of promoting the junior high school students’ selfmanagement abilities,making the concept of "student independent management " take root.Junior high school students’ self-management abilities were investigated in terms of learning management,life management,interpersonal communication management and time management.This paper found that the mean scores of urban junior high school students’ self-management were 141.83,which did not reach the excellent level.The data showed no significant difference in the self-management abilities between the only child and the non-only child,residential students and day students among the urban junior high school students.This might be caused by the similar education mode and environment.There were significant differences between gender,class category,grade and whether being a class cadre.Concretely speaking,the scores of girls in selfmanagement were higher than boys while the boys showed better than girls in interpersonal self-management,which might be caused by genetic factors.On the other hand,the scores of all dimensions of class cadre self-management were higher than those of non-class cadre.In addition,the scores of the experimental class were higher than those of the parallel class and the scores of all dimensions of students’ selfmanagement decreased with the rise of the grade and the difference existed in them.According to the research results,some problems still remained in the selfmanagement of the urban junior high school students as blow: the overall low development level of their self-management abilities,lack of self-management activities,teachers on the cultivation of student self-management attention is not in place,short of institutional guarantee in implementation of self-management mechanism.The reasons for these problems were as follows: the particularity of the age stage of junior high school students,the unbalanced opportunities for students to participate in self-management practice,the schools’ less importance to students’ selfmanagement,the deviation of educators’ understanding of students’ self-management,.Finally,this paper offered some countermeasures and suggestions from the external environment and internal system for the improvement of self-management abilities of the city junior high school students.First,build up the campus mode to improve junior high school students-management development.Second,create good home environment to improve their self-management development.Third,establish fine social environment to improve their self-management development.In conclusion,this study made an analysis of the self-management status of urban junior high school students through real and effective data,which was useful for their management abilities.Its goals were to offer opportunity to develop their selfmanagement,promote their self-management abilities,and cultivate independent personalities through management and cooperation.更多还原