【作者】 王晓丹；

【导师】 周春雷；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 情报学， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 科学共同体,即由科学家组成的群体,在科学与社会的发展中发挥着关键作用。纵观人类历史发展长河,科学共同体在历次科学技术革命中都发挥着不可替代的作用,重大科学问题的原创性突破与颠覆性技术创新与科学共同体的努力更加密不可分。引文作为知识传播的重要工具,将各类型的学术成果从彼此独立的个体,连接成不断演化着的知识交流网络,为科学家们进行科学对话、标记学术贡献、理清知识发展脉络提供重要帮助。本文以学术授信评价理论为基础,研究科学共同体的引用特征,从引文角度揭示其知识结构,探寻其研究视野,可以为我们探寻领域知识生产脉络、把握知识生产趋势提供帮助。本文以国内图情领域为例,利用近十年的核心期刊发文数据筛选核心学者群体,然后从参考文献的数量、被引时滞、语种、作者、来源5个方面,分析国内图情领域核心学者群体的引用情况。接着利用引文增强技术对原始数据集实施引文增强,建立增强型引文数据集,从被引文献的空间、学科、主题分布情况3个方面,探究该群体的引用特征。最后,总结国内图情领域核心学者群体的引用特征并针对领域发展现状提出相关建议。本研究发现国内图情领域核心学者群体的引用特征主要表现为:(1)参考文献数量与施引文献的发表时间及篇幅在一定范围内呈正相关关系,超出该范围,参考文献数量将趋于稳定。(2)被引时滞为1-3年的参考文献数量最多,这与普赖斯对文献被引频次随时间增长情况的描述相一致。外文文献的引用时滞较大,图书类文献较期刊类文献获得的引用较少且相对滞后。(3)受学者个人经历及研究方向的影响,群体内不同成员的中外文参考文献比例差异较大。(4)群体内不同成员的自引比例差异较大,多数成员的自引比例相对较低。高频被引学者的学术影响力普遍较高,其中不乏Price奖得主与跨领域学者。(5)群体成员倾向于引用来自领域知名期刊或出版社的学术成果。(6)引用机构多为国内外知名高校或科研机构,且其地域分布很不均衡,高频被引机构多位于发达国家或地区。(7)引用学科覆盖范围广、数量增长迅速,跨学科引用十分活跃,高频被引学科主要为应用型学科。(8)引用主题既包含图情领域的基础研究,也涵盖领域前沿热点,体现出一定的社会需求性和学科交叉性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The scientific community is a group of scientists,plays a key role in the development of science and society.Throughout the long history of human development,the scientific community has played an irreplaceable role in all the scientific and technological revolutions.And the original breakthroughs and subversive technological innovations on major scientific issues are more closely related to the efforts of the scientific community.As an important tool of knowledge dissemination,citation connects various types of academic achievements from independent individuals to an evolving knowledge exchange network,which provides important help for scientists to conduct scientific dialogue,mark academic contributions and clarify the context of knowledge development.Based on the theory of academic credit theory,this paper studies the citation features of scientific community,reveals its knowledge structure from the perspective of citation,explores its research field,which can help us to explore the context of knowledge production and grasp the trend of knowledge production.Taking the domestic library and information field as an example,this paper selects the core scholar group by using the published data of core journals in recent10 years,and then analyzes the group citation situation of domestic scholars in the field of Library and information from five aspects: the number of references,citation delay,language,author and source.Then,the citation enhancement technology is used to enhance the original data set,and the enhanced citation data set is established.The citation characteristics of domestic scholars in the field of Library and information are explored from the three aspects of space,subject and topic distribution of the cited literature.Finally,it summarizes the citation characteristics of domestic scholars in the field of Library and information,and puts forward relevant suggestions for the development of the field.This study found that the citation characteristics of domestic scholars in the field of Library and information are mainly as follows:(1)The number of references is proportional to the publication time and paper length within a certain range,beyond which the average citation amount will tend to be stable.(2)The number of references with citation delay of 1-3 years is the largest,which is consistent with price’s description of the increase of citation frequency over time.The citation time lag of foreign literature is larger,and book literature gets fewer citations than journal literature.(3)There was a great difference in the proportion of references cited in Chinese and foreign languages among group members,which was related to the research direction,study and work experience of scholars.(4)The proportion of self citation of different members in the group is different,and the proportion of self citation of most members is relatively low.Most of the high-frequency citations have high influence at home and abroad,which includes some Price Prize winners and cross-disciplinary scholars.(5)The group members tend to cite the results from well-known journals or publishing houses in the field.(6)Most of the cited institutions are well-known universities or scientific research institutions at home and abroad,and the geographical distribution of these institutions is uneven.Most of the cited institutions are located in developed countries or regions.(7)The cited subjects cover a wide range of subjects,increase rapidly in number,and are frequently cited across disciplines.Applied subjects are cited more frequently.(8)The cited topics not only include the basic research in the field of Library and information,but also cover the frontier hot spots in the field,which reflects the social demand and interdisciplinary nature to a certain extent.更多还原