【作者】 刘杰；

【导师】 方雷；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 公共管理（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 中国是一个农业大国,长期以来的城乡二元结构制约着中国经济社会的发展,农村社会的变革日益凸显,新型农村社区建设也被提上日程,成为我国当前城乡融合发展中亟待解决的一项重大使命任务。2017年,党的十九大首次提出“乡村振兴战略”,这一国家战略的提出充分体现了国家对“三农”工作的高度重视和以人民为中心的发展思想。在此背景下,随着城乡一体化进程的加快,新型农村社区建设成为了大家普遍关注的话题。但各地资源禀赋、人口素质、产业发展有很大不同,最终受益农民的实际需求不同,通过社区建设解决的问题也不同,因此,新型农村社区建设要坚持实事求是,以解决问题为根本,因地制宜,分类实施,切忌一刀切。本文通过研究分析新型农村社区分类建设中村存在的问题,提出解决问题的对策建议,从而有助于推动新型农村社区分类建设,对于实现乡村的全面振兴具有重要意义。本文除绪论外,共分为四个部分:第一部分,简要阐释合村并居、农村社区建设、新型农村社区、乡村振兴战略的概念,概述乡村治理理论、城乡等值化理论、农村社会化服务理论。第二部分,概述了章丘区新型农村社区分类建设的基本情况、背景和发展规划,介绍了章丘区新型农村社区分类建设的四种典型模式类型和取得的成效。第三部分,对新型农村社区分类建设过程中存在的问题和原因进行总结分析。存在的主要问题有:政府主导社区类型,群众意愿体现不足;分类规划不够科学,可持续性发展不强;分类建设资金紧缺,财政投入缺口较大;部分群众负担加重,生产生活质量不高;差异管理难度较大,社区治理不够有效。分析原因:干部观念存在偏差,群众权益意识不强;政府分类调研不深,规划设计缺乏标准;地方政府财力有限,建设资金筹集困难;群众收入难以保障,服务体系不够完善;服务理念转变滞后,专业管理人才缺乏。第四部分,提出完善新型农村社区分类建设的对策建议,包括明确政府角色定位,因地制宜分类施策;充分调研论证,分类规划社区建设;整合各类资源,分类筹措资金;立足当地实际,分类引导群众增收;强化社区组织建设,分类完善服务体系。更多还原

【Abstract】 China is a large agricultural country,and the urban-rural dual structure has been restricting the development of China’s economy and society for a long time.The reform of rural society is increasingly prominent,and the construction of new rural communities has also been put on the agenda,which has become a major mission urgently to be solved in the current urban-rural integrated development in China.In 2017,the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC)proposed the"rural revitalization strategy" for the first time.This national strategy fully reflects the country’s great importance to the work related to agriculture,rural areas and farmers and its people-centered development philosophy.In this context,with the acceleration of the process of urban-rural integration,the construction of new rural communities has become a topic of general concern.However,there are great differences in resource endowment,population quality and industrial development in different places,as well as the actual needs of farmers who ultimately benefit from the construction of new rural communities.Therefore,the construction of new rural communities should adhere to the principle of seeking truth from facts,take solving problems as the fundamental,adopt measures according to local conditions and implement them in different categories,and avoid one-size-fits all.This paper studies and analyzes the problems existing in the classification construction of new rural communities,and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to solve the problems,so as to help promote the classification construction of new rural communities,which is of great significance for the realization of the overall revitalization of rural areas.In addition to the introduction,this paper is divided into four parts:The first part briefly explains the concept of village co-living,rural community construction,new rural community,rural revitalization strategy,and summarizes the theory of rural governance,urban-rural equivalent theory,rural socialization service theory.The second part summarizes the basic situation,background and development plan of the new type rural community classification construction in Zhangqiu District,and introduces the four typical types of the new type rural community classification construction in Zhangqiu District and the results achieved.The third part summarizes and analyzes the problems and reasons existing in the classification construction of new rural communities.The main problems are as follows:the type of government-led community,the insufficient expression of the will of the masses;Classified planning is not scientific enough and sustainable development is not strong;Classified construction funds are short and the gap of financial investment is large.The burden on some people has increased and the quality of production and life is not high.Difference management is difficult and community governance is not effective enough.Analysis of the reasons:the cadres’ concept exists deviation,the masses’consciousness of rights and interests is not strong;Government classification research is not deep,the lack of standards for planning and design;Local governments have limited financial resources and difficulty in raising construction funds.People’s income is difficult to guarantee,the service system is not perfect;Service concept change lags behind,lack of professional management personnel.The fourth part,put forward the countermeasures and suggestions to improve the construction of new rural community classification,including clear government role positioning,according to local conditions classification measures;Full investigation and demonstration,classified planning community construction;Integrate all kinds of resources and raise funds by classification;Based on local conditions,guide the people to increase their income by category;We will strengthen the construction of community organizations and improve the service system by category.更多还原