【作者】 王佳；

【导师】 李明强；

【作者基本信息】 云南大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 托马斯·基德是复仇悲剧的先驱,很多学者对其作品《西班牙悲剧》进行了细致地研究。目前对这部小说的研究主要集中在宗教、悲剧主题、语言学等角度,而小说的文学伦理学批评方面的研究较少。本文运用聂珍钊提出的有关理性意志与自由意志关系的文学伦理学观点,对《西班牙悲剧》中的主要人物、情节进行分析,旨在探究小说主人公理性意志的失控导致自由意志膨胀从而转化为非理性意志,于是逐渐迷失自我,作出了错误的伦理选择,最终走向自我毁灭,为《西班牙悲剧》研究提供新视角。聂珍钊提出自由意志源于人的本能欲望、情感等,而理性意志则让人成为有伦理道德的人,这两种意志相互依存。作者从理性意志与自由意志的角度对《西班牙悲剧》的语言和情节进行了细致地分析,小说中洛伦佐为了追求财富和权力,在欲望的作用下,强迫妹妹贝尔·茵佩丽亚嫁给葡萄牙王子,而另外两位主人公贝尔·茵佩丽亚和赫罗尼莫在强烈的复仇欲望的作用下,逐渐丧失理性,不惜设计杀人,打破道德及伦理的约束,最终导致自身悲剧命运结局。托马斯·基德这部作品揭示了人在脱离理性意志的控制下,自由意志在冲动、激情、本能欲望的作用下会让人做出非理性的伦理选择。因此,人们应该增强理性,控制自己的自由意志,否则违背伦理道德、法律的人最终会受到惩罚。通过查阅相关文献,笔者发现几乎没有作者使用这种理论来分析《西班牙悲剧》,因此,希望能够为该剧本提供一个新的赏析视角。更多还原

【Abstract】 Thomas Kyd was well known as the grandfather of revenge tragedies.His writing style and his great work The Spanish Tragedy are studied by many scholars.At present,a lot of scholars analyze The Spanish Tragedy from these perspectives such as religion,the theme of revenge,language,etc.In the thesis,the author uses Nie Zhenzhao’s theory of ethical literary criticism especially from the perspective of rational will and free will to analyze the three main characters,plots and causes of their death tragedies in The Spanish Tragedy.Besides,the author wants to further explore how the contradictory relationship between rational will and free will influences the main characters to make their own ethical selections and to react.Nie Zhenzhao demonstrates that free will derives from people’s instinctive desire or passion and rational will makes people ethical.In the play,Hieronimo,Bel-imperia and Lorenzo’s tragedy are related to their uncontrolled free will.Lorenzo forces his sister to marry the Portuguese prince out of his selfish desire for wealth and power and kills innocent people.While Bel-imperia and Hieronimo plan to kill the prince and Lorenzo for freedom and revenge.Their wrong ethical choices imply their tragic fate.Therefore,the author argues that once people are out of control of rational will,free will would gradually be irrational if affected by strong impulse,passion or instinctive desire.It warns that human beings should enhance rationality and learn to control free will because whoever violate law and morality will be punished eventually.Through consulting relevant literature,the author finds that barely no author use the theory to analyze The Spanish Tragedy.Therefore,the author hopes to provide a new perspective for appreciating the play.更多还原