【作者】 王东；

【导师】 夏奇；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 机械工程， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 汽车工业自创立以来为社会发展做出了巨大贡献,但与此同时也带来了环境污染和资源枯竭等日益严重的全球性问题,随着多个国家将“禁燃令”提上日程,纯电动汽车凭借节能环保、扭矩响应快等特点逐渐成为了发展的焦点。由电控、电池和电机技术组成的“三电”技术是纯电动汽车的核心,其中“电控”是指负责车辆实时行为的整车控制策略及其实现,是车辆完成预期控制功能的关键。本文依托实际工程项目,针对目标纯电动半挂牵引车的功能需求提出了对应的控制系统方案,并采用V模式设计方法,基于汽车级处理器MC9S12XEP100将设计的整车控制策略开发为满足实际需求的嵌入式整车控制器。全文主要工作如下:首先,分析了国内外纯电动汽车,尤其是大型牵引车和客车的控制系统结构及动力总成特点,在此基础上设计了控制系统方案和整车控制器原理图,并对牵引车的动力性能进行了计算和验证,为后续设计及试验奠定理论基础。其次,制定了高压上下电、行驶模式转换和基于CAN网络的故障处理等整车控制策略,定义了车辆从启动到停车的实际行为,包括:整车控制器初始化、踏板信号的滤波与容错处理、车辆上电起步、定速蠕行控制、加速过程中的扭矩计算与仲裁,以及制动停车。再次,根据控制策略,考虑实际工程应用特点在Simulink环境中搭建了控制系统模型,经过模型和软件在环测试验证了逻辑功能后,通过Embedded Coder和特定的系统目标文件生成嵌入式程序,并在Code Warrior环境中与底层代码集成,形成了完整的整车控制器软件。最后,搭建了处理器在环测试平台,并完成了测试;然后,基于NI Veristand和PXIe-8840RT处理器搭建了硬件在环测试平台并完成了测试;最后对纯电动牵引车进行了实车调试。所有测试结果表明,本文设计开发的整车控制器响应正确、迅速,满足预期的控制要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 The automobile industry has made great contributions to the development of human society since its establishment,but at the same time it has brought about increasingly serious global problems such as environmental pollution and resource depletion.With the ban on the sale of fuel vehicles in many countries,pure electric vehicles have gradually become the focus of development due to their energy saving and environmental protection,and fast torque response.The technology consisting of electric control,electric motor and battery is the key of pure electric vehicles.The electric control technology refers to the vehicle control strategy responsible for the real-time behavior of the vehicle and its implementation,which is the key to the vehicle’s control function.Based on the actual engineering project,this paper proposes the control system scheme for the functional requirements of the target pure electric semi-trailer tractor.This article adopts the V-mode design method,based on the automotive-grade processor MC9S12XEP100 to develop the designed vehicle control strategy into an embedded vehicle control unit that meets the actual requirement.The main work of the full text is as follows:Firstly,the control system structure and powertrain characteristics of battery electric vehicles,especially tractors and buses,were analyzed.Based on this,the control system scheme and the vehicle controller schematic diagram were designed.Then the vehicle’s dynamic performance was calculated and verified,which providing a theoretical basis for subsequent design and testing.Secondly,vehicle control strategies such as high voltage power-on and power-off,driving mode conversion,and CAN network-based fault handling are formulated to define the actual vehicle behavior.The behavior of the vehicle from start to stop includes: initialization of the vehicle controller,filtering and fault-tolerant processing of the pedal signal,starting the vehicle after power on,constant speed creep control,torque calculation and arbitration during acceleration,and braking and stopping.Thirdly,according to the control strategy and considering the characteristics of actual engineering application,a control system model was built in Simulink environment.After the logic function is verified by the model and software in the loop test,Embedded Coder is used to generate the embedded code,which is integrated with the underlying code in Code Warrior environment to form the complete vehicle controller software.Finally,a processor-in-the-loop test platform was built and tested based on the developed hardware board.Based on the NI Veristand and PXIe-8840 RT processors,a hardware-in-theloop test platform was set up and completed the test.At the end of the article,a real vehicle test was performed on the assembled pure electric tractor.All the test results show that the vehicle control unit designed in this paper responds correctly and quickly,meeting the expected control requirements.更多还原