【作者】 陆林；

【导师】 王玲；

【作者基本信息】 南京大学 ， 汉语国际教育（专业学位）， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 对外汉语初级综合课是初级阶段对外汉语教学的主干课程,优秀的综合课教材往往体现了先进的编写理念和教学法理论。与中、高级阶段相比,初级阶段的汉语教学有着特殊性,是每个学习者的必经过程,只有打好坚实的基础,才能真正培养学习者的学习兴趣。此外,受到语言水平和表达能力的限制,初级汉语综合课课堂教学对教材依赖度更高,教材是学习者最直接的学习工具,也是影响教学成效的重要因素之一。因此,汉语综合课的初级教材研究更具有典型性。随着汉语国际推广和对外汉语教学的高速发展,面向海外汉语非母语的对外汉语教材也越来越受到广泛的关注。海外汉语教材不仅承担着海外汉语教学整体课程的建设,同时也承担着引导教学进程和指导教师教学等重要任务。针对海外汉语教材编写的研究可以有效帮助解决汉语教材在海外教学环境中的适应性问题,提高海外汉语教学和推广的效果。本文以对外汉语教材编写理论和教学法为理论基础,结合《国际汉语教学通用课程大纲》以及澳大利亚本土课程及教学大纲,以目前在澳中学使用的初级汉语综合课教材——《轻松学中文》和《成长》为研究对象,基于对两本教材的编写理念与原则的对比分析,从体例安排、课文、词汇以及练习等四个方面对比分析两本教材的编写特色,探讨海外初级汉语教材的编写策略,以期为澳大利亚或其它欧美国家的汉语教材的研究、编写和使用提供更多的借鉴。本文主要有三个部分(前置、正文和结语),第一部分即本文的第一章绪论及第二章研究综述,该部分主要介绍了本文的研究的选题缘由、研究材料、研究意义和研究方法;第二章研究综述部分重点论述了国内外在汉语教材编写理论与原则以及教材编写研究方面的主要成果,为本文的研究奠定了理论知识基础;正文部分从第三章开始,主要重点介绍了澳大利亚语言语言环境(汉语课程大纲、K-10教学大纲)、外语政策以及目前在澳教材使用情况。海外汉语教材编写需要考虑到教材使用国家或区域的文化背景、语言政策和教育环境等相关的教材使用条件,提高国别化汉语教材编写的科学性与针对性;第四章对比分析了两本教材的编写理念和原则,以及基于此的教材编写体例特色。《轻松学中文》以结构为纲、功能为辅,坚持语文并进,偏向多种教学法的综合,注重语言知识和言语技能的平衡发展;作为一部典型的任务型教材,《成长》以功能为纲、结构与文化为辅,重视语言的工具性,以培养学生的交际能力和学习兴趣为目标,听说领先。基于不同的编写思路与原则,两本教材在课文编排、词汇编排以及练习编排方面都呈现了不同的特点,这分别在本文的第五、六、七章节依次做出对比分析。通过以上对两本教材的纵向分析,第八章综合归纳了两本教材的编写特色和存在的问题。在此基础上,针对澳大利亚甚至是欧美中学汉语综合课初级教材的编写提出一些思考和建议,主要有以下几点编写建议:(1)强化对初级汉语教材语法结构的重视,平衡听、说、读、写能力的综合发展;(2)加强教材的规范性,适当调整教材编排及内容难度;(3)话题选择注重趣味性与实用性的统一,课文编排会话体与叙述体相结合;(4)提高教材语料选择的针对性,字与词教学相结合,重视汉字基础教学;(5)重视练习编排,重视练习设计的目的性和有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Comprehensive curriculum is the main course at the primary period of TCSL,and excellent comprehensive textbooks are usually related to the advanced teaching theory.However,compared to the junior and senior period,primary TCSL teaching has special side,which is limited to vocabulary and simple expressions,the primary learners rely on the textbooks too much,so the textbook of primary period have more advantages of reflecting the theory and development of TCSL.With the rapid development of international promotion of Chinese and TCSL,design and compilation of TCSL textbooks for overseas-oriented learners is getting more and more public attention.Overseas Chinese textbooks not only support the discipline construction of overseas Chinese teaching curriculum,but also undertakes some important tasks,such as guiding the process of teaching and instructing teachers.So researches on overseas Chinese Textbooks play the important role in solving adaptive problems and improve teaching and promotion effect in oversea teaching environment.Based on the Chinese textbook compilation theory and the theoretical basis for teaching,this paper take two primary textbooks of Australia high school-《Easy steps to Chinese》&《Step up》as the research object,take a comparative analysis about compilation of the two books.Based on textbooks compiling concept and principles,we choose three different aspects of books to find out compiling characteristics and strategies of overseas primary Chinese textbooks,which is text arrangement,vocabulary arrangement and exercises arrangement,by that we can provide more advice and reference about textbooks study、compilation and usage for Australia or other European countries the Chinese textbooks preparation and useThis paper has four main parts,chapter 1&2 is part 1:Chapter 1 introduces the research on the topic of reason,research materials,research significance and research methods;chapter 2 mainly focuses on study of domestic and international Chinese language teaching materials compiling theory and principles as well as the teaching material compilation of the main results,which lay theoretical foundation for this paper.Chapter3 mainly introduces Australian language environment(Chinese curriculum syllabus,K-10 syllabus),foreign language policy and the current use condition of Chinese textbooks,cause international Chinese promotion can’t do without considering national or regional cultural background,language policy and education environment.Chapter 4 focus on comparison and analyses of different compiling characteristic and principle of《Easy step to Chinese》、《Step up》.《Easy step to Chinese》take structure-based syllabus,function as complementary,insist on the balance of language knowledge and commutative skills,prefer to reconciling multiple teaching methods;《Step up》,take function-based syllabus,is typical task-based textbooks.Pursuing to cultivating students’ commutative skills and study interests is writer’s best target.On the basis of the different ideas and principles of compiling,two textbooks have many different characteristics in the text layout,arrangement of vocabulary and practice arrangements,which were showed in theChapter4、5、6.Above all,by multi-angle analysis and comparison of this two books,we can find that related to different compiling ideas and principles,there are the different characteristics of books design about text,vocabulary and practice,also there are personal and respective advantages and disadvantages.Based on some problems of this two books,we put forward some suggestions about compiling Chinese Comprehensive Textbooks for Australia or Europe elementary leaners:(1)strengthen the grammatical structure of primary Chinese textbook,balance comprehensive development of listening、speaking、reading and writing ability;(2)strengthen normative compilation,adjust difficulty of the content;(3)choose interesting and practical topics,combine conversational and narrative text together;(4)select specific teaching material I,combing character teaching and word teaching together;(5)pay attention to textbooks practice,focus on purpose and effect of book exercise.更多还原