【作者】 章杰；

【导师】 王太高；

【作者基本信息】 南京大学 ， 宪法学与行政法学， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 我国实施了二十多年的《中华人民共和国行政诉讼法》于2014年通过修改,此次修改有非常大的进步和创新。其中,修改的亮点之一就是总则中第三条第三款的规定确立了我国行政机关负责人出庭应诉制度。事实上,在《行政诉讼法》规定这项制度之前,我国的地方已经通过出台规范性文件的方式大力地推行行政机关负责人出庭应诉制。从比较法研究的角度来看,西方国家并没有通过法律规定的方式要求行政机关负责人必须要出庭参与诉讼。可以说行政机关负责人出庭应诉制是我国独有的、通过自下而上制度创新的方式确立下来的法律制度。作为一项带有中国特色的法律制度,在其推行之后,就引起了理论界和实务界的广泛关注和研究。对于我国当前行政审判活动中“立案难、审理难、执行难”的困境,大力推行行政机关负责人出庭应诉制,在有效的化解行政争议,缓和民众对被诉行政机关的不满情绪,优化行政审判环境等方面具有重要的意义。因此,这项制度被理论界和实务界认为是破解当前行政审判困境的重要突破口,然而,要想让行政机关负责人出庭应诉制的理论依据更加扎实,运行更加完善,使其成为一项比较成熟的行政诉讼法律制度,需要我们对行政机关负责人出庭应诉制度的现状有个清楚的认识,并进行客观理性的分析。本文除了序言和结语总共分为三大部分。第一部分的内容主要分析了行政机关负责人出庭应诉制度在我国确立的依据。本文指出这项制度的确立不仅有法学理论界学者们的支持,在宪法角度、行政法角度和诉讼法角度都有一定的法理基础,而且这项制度的确立也有着深刻的现实需求,对于解决行政审判的困境具有重要的现实意义。第二部分内容是对行政机关负责人出庭应诉的实践反思。一部分是基于对相关的规范文本分析并且指出规范文本中存在的冲突,另一部分是对实践运行的状况进行了介绍并指出实践运行中陷入的困境。最后一部分内容是为了促使行政机关负责人出庭应诉制度得到更好的实施,提出了相关的完善建议,主要从立法层面、司法层面、行政机关自身角度出发,分别提出了一些建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Implemented more than 20 years in our country’s administrative procedure law of the People’s Republic of China in 2014,through the modification of the modified has great progress and innovation.Among them,the provisions of paragraph 3,article 3 of the general established,head of the administrative organ to appear in court litigation system in our country.In fact,before the system of the administrative procedure law,the place has been introduced by way of normative documents head vigorously the implementation of administrative authority to appear in court system of litigation.From the perspective of comparative law research,western countries have not through the way of law required,head of the administrative organ must appear in court to participate in the litigation.Head of the administrative organ to appear in court litigation system is unique in China,is established by means of system innovation from bottom to top of the legal system.As a legal system with Chinese characteristics,after its implementation,it caused the wide attention and research of theory and practice.For China’s current administrative proceedings "hard case,trial and enforcement difficulty",push forward the administrative organ to appear in court,head of the litigation system,to effectively solve the administrative dispute,ease by administrative organs of the people of discontent,optimize the environment of administrative trial,etc,has the vital significance.Theory and practice,therefore,this system as an important breakthrough spotting the plight of the current administrative trial,However,we will make the more solid theoretical basis,to appear in court litigation system by the head of the operation to be more perfect,make it become a relatively mature system of administrative litigation law,still need our head of the executive branch have a clear understanding of the status quo of court litigation system,and carries on the objective and rational analysis.In this paper,in addition to the preface and epilogue is divided into three parts altogether.The first part mainly analyzes the contents of the administrative organ to appear in court,head of the litigation system in our country to establish the basis.Introduces the academic discussion about establish a system to appear in court litigation,head of the executive authorities shall be.No matter for the system with a positive attitude is objective and rational attitude of scholars,mostly affirmed the system for effective resolving administrative disputes.The second part is about the practice of the administrative organ to appear in court litigation,head of the reflection.Mainly from the related specifications of the text and practice operation condition are introduced,and points out that the conflict in the norms that exist in the text and practice run into trouble.The last part of the content is to improve the system of administrative organs to appear in court litigation,head of the relevant Suggestions are put forward.From the aspect of legislation,the judicial level,the administrative authority itself perspective,puts forward some perfecting Suggestions respectively.更多还原