【作者】 王建强；

【导师】 李传； 何新土；

【作者基本信息】 中国石油大学(华东) ， 化学工程（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 石油化工工业在生产过程中,排出大量有毒、有机的废气及废液。若不经妥善处理,直接排放到环境中,将对环境造成严重的污染,破坏生态平衡和自然资源。而高温焚烧法可以破坏废液中有毒有害成份,是最实用、高效的处理方法。目前,我国的环保要求越来越严格,必须将废气及废液以无害化方式处理,以符合环保排放标准。以废液焚烧装置为试验装置,焚烧甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）在生产过程中产生的废液。研究了MMA废液1的溶剂萃取试验、燃烧器炉型模拟计算、燃烧器喷嘴单孔孔径、SNCR/SCR联合脱硝装置、氨法脱硫装置对尾气排放标准的影响。研究结果表明,甲醇脱除废液1中固盐的能力好于乙醇和异丙醇,优选甲醇作为萃取剂;最佳的甲醇与废液1的比例是0.9:1,萃取温度20～40℃都能满足工艺要求。在废气、废液处理量一定的条件下,废液雾化颗粒的流通距离约为1.2m,滞留时间约为0.133s,两层喷嘴的间距设定为1.2m合理。燃烧器喷嘴的孔径适宜大小为6.0 mm～7.5 mm,既不会造成燃烧器入热量偏大,也不会导致燃气供给不足,造成焚烧废物处理效果偏低。最佳脱硝操作参数为:氨/硝比为1.5,催化剂中主催化剂V₂O₅的摩尔比例9%和反应温度350°C。最佳脱硫操作参数为:PH值为5～6,脱硫反应温度35°C～40°C。在工业化脱硝和脱硫操作中,烟气中的NO_x含量降至90 mg·Nm^-3以下,SO_x含量降至100 mg·Nm^-3～200 mg·Nm^-3,完全符合燃烧尾气排放标准。本论文所涉及MMA废气、废液的焚烧处理,按照焚烧装置每年正常运行8000h测算,在有效实现废弃物无害化操作的同时,还能产生经济效益1256万余元。本论文针对MMA有机废弃物的焚烧系统的优化和改进,为同类焚烧处理装置的改造提供了参考,对废弃物的无害化处理方面提供了一定的指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the production process of petrochemical industry,a large number of toxic and organic waste gas and waste liquid are discharged.If it is not properly dealt with and discharged directly into the environment,it will cause serious pollution to the environment and destroy the ecological balance and natural resources.The high temperature incineration method can destroy the toxic and harmful components in the waste liquid,which is the most practical and efficient treatment method.At present,the environmental protection requirements of our country are becoming more and more strict,and the waste gas and waste liquid must be treated in a harmless way in order to meet the environmental emission standards.The waste liquid produced in the production process of methyl methacrylate（MMA）was incinerated by using the waste liquid incinerator as the experimental device.The effects of solvent extraction test of MMA waste liquid 1,simulation calculation of burner furnace type,single hole aperture of burner nozzle,SNCR/SCR combined denitrification device and ammonia desulfurization device on tail gas emission standard were studied.The results show that the ability of removing salt from waste liquid 1 by methanol is better than that of ethanol and isopropanol,and the optimum ratio of methanol to waste liquid 1 is 0.9 and the extraction temperature is 20 to 40℃.The results show that the ability of removing salt from waste liquid 1 by methanol is better than that of ethanol and isopropanol,and the optimum ratio of methanol to waste liquid 1 is 0.9 and 40℃.Under the condition of certain treatment capacity of waste gas and waste liquid,the circulation distance of atomized particles of waste liquid is about 1.2 m,the retention time is about 0.133 s,and the distance between two layers of nozzles is set to 1.2m reasonably.The suitable aperture of the burner nozzle is 6.0 mm-7.5mm,which will not cause the heat input of the burner to be too large,nor will it lead to the shortage of gas supply,resulting in the low effect of incineration waste treatment.The optimum denitrification operation parameters are as follows:the ratio of ammonia to nitrate is1.5,the molar ratio of V₂O₅in the catalyst is 9%and the reaction temperature is 350°C.The optimum desulfurization operation parameters are as follows:ph value is 5 to 6,desulfurization reaction temperature is 35°C～40°C.In the industrial denitrification and desulfurization operation,the content of NOx in flue gas is reduced to less than 90 mg/Nm3,and the content of SOx is reduced to 100 mg/Nm3-200 mg/Nm3,which fully meets the emission standard of combustion tail gas.This paper deals with the incineration treatment of MMA waste gas and waste liquid.According to the calculation of 8000 hours of normal operation of the incinerator every year,it can not only effectively realize the harmless operation of waste,but also produce more than12.56 million yuan of economic benefit.This paper aims at the optimization and improvement of MMA organic waste incineration system,which provides a reference for the transformation of similar incineration devices,and provides a certain guiding significance for the harmless treatment of waste.更多还原