【作者】 刘彦平；

【导师】 俞树毅；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 法律（非法学） （专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 当下,环境治理以“预防为主”为基本原则。环评制度通过预先评价、提前制定防范措施等程序,期望规制规划和建设项目对环境的不良影响,是“预防为主”模式下生态环境保护的重要法律制度。其中,公众参与是环评制度的重要内容。在建设项目环评公众参与制度不断完善的情形下,邻避冲突不断,公众参与的司法救济不力,建设项目环评公众参与的有效性风险仍然存在。本文以建设项目环评公众参与制度为研究对象,在界定公众、环评、环评公众参与等概念的基础上,阐述了环评公众参与的理论,分析了环评公众参与制度的价值和功能。在梳理公众参与和环评信息公开立法的同时,笔者对邻避冲突和公众参与的司法救济现状进行了描述,并从建设项目环评公众参与制度层面,在公众主体、评价对象、参与阶段以及环评信息公开等四个方面进行了问题分析。为了探索解决问题的方案,笔者对域外建设项目环评公众参与制度进行了比较研究,在结合我国国情的基础上,提出些许建议:为实现建设项目环评决策的民主性和科学性,建设项目环评公众参与制度完善应以保障公众参与有效性为标准,在公众主体方面,应进一步明确公众定义、放宽参与公众范围限制、提高参与公众代表性和参与公众组织化程度;在评价对象方面,应增加公众参与评价的建设项目类别、明确公众参与评价影响的因素;在参与阶段方面,应恰当把握公众参与时机、合理设置公众参与时限和强化审批阶段的公众参与;在环评信息公开方面,应进一步细化政府信息公开例外事项的认定、采取便于公众知悉的方式。希望本文可以为我国建设项目环评公众参与制度的完善做出一些有益的探索。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present,the basic principle of environmental governance is "prevention first".The EIA system is an important legal system for ecological environmental protection under the "prevention first" mode,which is expected to regulate the adverse environmental impacts of programme and construction projects through the procedures of pre-evaluation and the formulation of preventive measures in advance.Public participation is an important part of the EIA system.With the continuous improvement of the public participation system in the construction project EIA,the NIMBY conflicts continue and the judicial relief of public participation is weak.The effectiveness risk of public participation in the construction project EIA still exists.This paper takes the public participation system of EIA for construction projects as the research object,and on the basis of defining the concepts of public,EIA and public participation in EIA,expounds the theoretical basis of public participation in EIA,and analyzes the value and function of public participation system in EIA.While sorting out the legislation of public participation and EIA information disclosure,the author describes the current situation of judicial relief of NIMBY conflict and public participation,and analyzes the problems from four aspects of public subject,evaluation object,participation stage and disclosure of EIA information from the perspective of public participation system of EIA for construction projects.In order to explore the measures to solve the problem,the author has conducted a comparative study on the public participation system of EIA for construction projects outside China.Based on China’s national conditions,some suggestions have been put forward: In order to realize the democratic and scientific decision-making of the construction project EIA,the improvement of the public participation system for the construction project EIA should be based on the guarantee of the effectiveness of public participation.In terms of the public subject,the definition of the public should be further clarified,the limitation of the scope of the public participation should be relaxed,and the representativeness and organization of the public participation should be improved.In terms of evaluation objects,the categories of construction projects with public participation in evaluation should be increased,and the factors evalued of the impact should be clarified.In terms of the participation stage,we should properly grasp the opportunity of public participation,reasonably set the time limit of public participation and strengthen the public participation in the examination and approval stage.In terms of the disclosure of EIA information,the identification of exceptions to the disclosure of government information should be further refined and the method should be easy for the public to know.It is hoped that this paper can make some useful exploration for the improvement of the public participation system of environmental impact assessment of construction projects in China..更多还原