裂变与归化：民国文学史书写中经学向文学的转型

【作者】 王丹；

【导师】 郭西安；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 比较文学与世界文学， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 我们今天看到的古代文学史中有大量的篇目,在传统知识体系里属于经学的内容。学界认为,这一现象造端于清季民初学术体系的转型,在民国文学史的书写里得到了典型论证。本文尝试通过对民国文学史书写的分析,探讨它是如何通过对于经学部分材料的归纳、转化与分类,实现了经学中部分文献向文学转型的这一问题。第一章首先梳理民国文学史书写所发生的语境。民国文学史的书写本身就发生在经学的逐步瓦解、国学运动和文学科建立这一复杂背景之下。作为传统学术核心的经学被教育系统废除,在国学思潮的改良下成为普通文献材料。与此同时,文学科在西学影响下建立。学者们从原处于经学中的材料里寻找文学价值,并在文学史的编订中对其进行阐释,将其向文学转化。第二章讨论民国学者对经学中《诗经》的文学化改造以及文学史对《诗经》进行的新的文学定位。民俗学的介入帮助《诗经》摆脱经学身份,“抒情性”给予《诗经》文学价值,又因其诞生于中华文明初始阶段,深刻影响后世文学创作,而具有了诗歌类源头的文学地位。第三章处理民国文学史如何以新的散文理念重新定位了《左传》和《论语》、《孟子》的问题。学者通过定位《左传》为叙事散文,《论语》、《孟子》为说理散文将它们归类文学,又因其独特的叙事风格、丰富用词及高超的论说技艺确立了在文学史中的经典地位。民国文学史通过对经书进行去经学化、并通过文学化阐释、新的文体归类等方式,使传统经学中的部分内容符合了现代文学特征:《诗经》成为诗歌类抒情文学的源头;《左传》成为叙事散文的典范;《论语》、《孟子》因论说风格和语言特色被部分文学史归为说理散文的经典,实现了经学向文学的转型。更多还原

【Abstract】 A large number of texts that we now view as traditional literature were classified as Confucian Classics in the previous system of knowledge.Scholars believe that this shift originated from the transformation of the academic system in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China,and is especially demonstrative in the writing of the literary history in the Republic of China.This dissertation attempts to analyze the writing of the history of literature in the Republic of China,and explore how it solved the problem of transforming some of the texts in the classics into literature through summarization,transformation and classification.The first chapter combs through the context of the writing of the Republic of China literature history.The writing of the literary history of the Republic of China itself took place under the complex background of the gradual collapse of Confucianism,the movement of Chinese ancient academics,and the establishment of literature.Confucian Classics,the core of traditional academic studies,was abolished by the new education system,becoming a common reference material under such transition.At the same time,liberal arts majors established with the influence of western education.Scholars searched for literary value from materials originally in the study of Confucian classics,interpreted them through the compilation of literary history,and transformed it into literature.The second chapter discusses the literary transition of Shi Jing by the scholars of the Republic of China and the new literary positioning of Shi Jing by literary history.The intervention of folklore lifted the Shijing from the genre of classics,while "lyricism" made it literary.As it was born in the initial stage of Chinese civilization and profoundly influenced the literary creation of the literary creations afterwards,it sustained its status as the source of poetry.Chapter Three deals with the issue of how the history of the Republic of China literature re-positioned Zuo Zhuan,with new concepts of prose.Scholars categorized Zuo Zhuan as narrative prose;Lun Yu and Meng Zi as reasoning prose.They were also classified as literature due to their unique narrative style,rich vocabulary and superb narrative skills,thus maintained its status in the canon.By way of de-classification of classics,interpretation of texts through a literary lens,and novel way of classification,the history of literature in the Republic of China rendered some texts in classics features of modern literature: Shijing became the source of poetic lyric literature;Zuozhuan became a model of narrative prose;Lunyu and Mengzi were classified as classics of reasoning prose by some literary history due to their narrative style and language characteristics,and thus fulfilled the transformation from classics to literature.更多还原