【作者】 张越；

【导师】 封文波；

【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 ， 应用心理学， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 敌意是一种源于愤怒、通过攻击性来表达的包含认知成分的消极情绪。控制欲指个体依据自己意愿掌握环境和人际关系的欲望或动机。依恋风格是个体对依恋对象紧密的情感联结,成人依恋风格很多均是采用亲密关系经历量表(ECR)进行研究,较少考虑到参与者可能并无恋爱经历。本研究首先编制了适用于所有大学生的安全依恋问卷以评估其依恋风格。然后以控制欲与依恋风格为自变量,以敌意情绪为因变量,采用辣椒酱范式测量参与者的外显敌意情绪,用外在情感性西蒙任务范式测量参与者的内隐敌意情绪,对大学生被试进行实验研究,以探索控制欲和依恋风格对大学生敌意情绪水平的影响。研究结果:(1)大学生安全依恋量表只包含依恋焦虑一个维度,量表的同质性信度α为0.896,应用MPLUS进行验证性因素分析:RMSEA=0.078,TLI=0.943,CFI=0.959,SRMR=0.034。(2)大学生依恋的性别差异显著(t=-3.159,p<0.01),女生安全依恋水平显著高于男生。(3)阅读回忆材料唤醒敌意情绪后,参与者的敌意情绪水平显著高于阅读前,说明回忆唤醒法可有效唤醒被试的敌意情绪。(4)分别以参与者当下的正性和负性情绪水平为因变量,控制欲水平和依恋风格为自变量进行方差分析,发现依恋风格对正性情绪的主效应显著,F=6.570,p<0.05。(5)分别以参与者的外显和内隐敌意情绪为因变量,控制欲水平和依恋风格为自变量进行方差分析,依恋风格对外显敌意情绪的主效应边缘显著,F=2.978,0.05<p<0.1,内隐敌意情绪无显著差异,研究结论:(1)自编大学生安全依恋问卷包括依恋焦虑一个因子,问卷信效度良好,符合心理测量学要求,适用于评估大学生的依恋风格。(2)控制欲与依恋风格对外显敌意情绪影响不存在交互作用,依恋风格对外显敌意情绪有影响,安全依恋者的外显敌意情绪水平比非安全依恋者低。(3)实验情境下控制欲与安全依恋均对内隐敌意情绪没有显著的影响,内隐敌意情绪与外显敌意情绪存在实验分离。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hostility is a negative emotion that is rooted in anger and expressed through aggression that contains a cognitive component.Control refers to the individual’s desire or motivation to take control of the environment and interpersonal relationships according to his or her own will.Attachment style is an individual’s close emotional connection to the object of attachment,and many adult attachment styles have been studied using the Experience of Close Relationships Scale(ECR),with less consideration given to the fact that participants may not have had romantic experiences.This study first developed a secure attachment questionnaire applicable to all college students to assess their attachment styles.Then,an experimental study was conducted with college student subjects using control and attachment styles as independent variables and hostile emotions as dependent variables,using a pepper sauce paradigm to measure participants’ external hostile emotions and an external affective Simon task paradigm to measure participants’ implicit hostile emotions in order to explore the effects of control and attachment styles on college students’ levels of hostile emotions.Results:(1)The Secure Attachment Scale for College Students contains only one dimension of attachment anxiety,and the homogeneity reliability α of the scale is0.896.Validated factor analysis was conducted by applying MPLUS: RMSEA=0.078,TLI=0.943,CFI=0.959,and SRMR=0.034.(2)Gender differences in college students’ attachment were significant(t=-3.159,p<0.01),with girls having significantly higher levels of secure attachment than boys.(3)After reading the recall material to awaken hostile emotions,the participants’ levels of hostile emotions were significantly higher than before reading,indicating that the recall arousal method can effectively awaken the hostile emotions of the subjects.(4)An ANOVA was conducted with participants’ current levels of positive and negative emotions as dependent variables and levels of control desire and attachment style as independent variables,respectively,and found a significant main effect of attachment style on positive emotions,F=6.570,p<0.05.(5)The main effect of attachment style was found to be marginally significant for the main effect of externalizing hostile emotions,F=2.978,0.05<p<0.1,and there was no significant difference for internalizing hostile emotions,when ANOVA was conducted with participants’ externalizing and implicit hostile emotions as dependent variables and level of control desire and attachment style as independent variables,respectively.Conclusion:(1)The self-administered secure attachment questionnaire for college students includes one factor of attachment anxiety,and the questionnaire has good reliability and validity,which meets the psychometric requirements and is suitable for assessing the attachment style of college students.(2)There was no interaction between control and attachment style on affective episodic hostility,attachment style had an effect on episodic hostility,and secure attachments had lower levels of episodic hostility than non-secure attachments.(3)Neither control nor secure attachment had significant effects on implicit hostility in the experimental context,and there was experimental separation between implicit hostility and explicit hostility.更多还原