【作者】 王亮；

【导师】 杨飞；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 交通运输工程（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 在“共享经济”和“互联网+”的大环境下,新能源汽车分时租赁应运而生,作为使用清洁能源为主的共享交通工具,不仅成为缓解城市交通拥堵、改善城市停车问题和减少交通污染的重要推手,也在潜移默化中影响着居民出行方式选择行为,尤其是引起了未购车群体的广泛关注。新能源汽车分时租赁通过自主定点取车还车,避免了小汽车出行中难觅停车位的难题,并且出行费用也较乘坐出租车有优势。即便如此,也存在着使用意向不强、闲置率过高等问题,如何引导新能源汽车分时租赁与其他交通方式协调发展变得尤为紧迫。本文以绿色低碳交通为出发点,以新能源汽车分时租赁为研究对象,通过问卷调查数据,从新能源汽车分时租赁出行意向研究和出行方式选择行为研究两个方面展开,为优化新能源汽车分时租赁的发展提供参考基础。本文首先开展了新能源汽车分时租赁出行意向研究,引入接受行为理论,以技术接受模型(TAM)为基础,构建了出行意向结构方程模型。利用问卷调查数据,运用AMOS软件对出行意向结构方程模型进行拟合求解,分析影响出行者使用新能源汽车分时租赁的潜在因素以及影响机理。得到潜在变量影响效应值:感知有用性对使用意愿的影响最大(0.494),其次是使用态度(0.329)、感知易用性(0.265)、感知价格水平(-0.254)以及感知安全性(0.234),其中感知价格水平对使用意愿具有较为显著的负向影响,其余均为显著正向影响,研究假设均成立。出行者选择时会优先考虑相对于其他出行方式的方便性、出行时耗以及出行优势等因素,也会考虑新能源汽车分时租赁租还车的便捷性、出行的舒适性以及低碳环保性等因素。此外,新能源汽车分时租赁出行成本越高、出行安全和隐私安全性越低,出行者使用意愿会越低。其次,开展新能源汽车分时租赁影响下的出行选择行为研究。通过调查样本数据可知各交通方式的出行比例为:地铁(39.9%)、私家车(22.7%)、公交车(18.6%)、新能源汽车分时租赁(10.1%)以及出租车(8.7%),新能源汽车分时租赁是作为城市公共交通出行的重要补充。混合logit模型结果分析,步行时间、候车时间、车内时间以及费用对方式选择行为均显著,出行者个体收入水平以及私家车拥有情况上表现出了较为强烈的异质性。潜在类别条件logit模型将出行者划分为三个类别,研究不同类别群体对步行时间、候车时间、车内时间以及出行费用因素的敏感程度差异,分析模型所表征出的个体异性对选择行为的影响,深入挖掘三个类别群体对出行方式的偏好,将三个类别群体划分为“费用敏感型”、“时间敏感型”以及“出行平衡型”,其中新能源汽车分时租赁出行群体属于“出行平衡型”,期望以较低的出行费用获取较高的出行服务质量。最后结合新能源汽车分时租赁出行意向研究结果与弹性分析结果,从出行时耗、定价角度为优化新能源汽车分时租赁的发展提出相应的建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the context of the sharing economy and internet,new energy vehicles have emerged as the times require.As a shared transportation mainly using clean energy,it has not only become a relief for urban traffic congestion,improved urban parking problems and reduced traffic.It also affects residents’ choice of travel mode in a subtle way,which has aroused widespread concern among non-buyers.New energy vehicles can be picked up and returned by time-sharing,which avoids the difficulty of finding parking spaces when traveling with cars,and the travel costs are also advantageous over taxis.Even so,there are problems such as weak usage intentions and high vacancy rates.How to guide the coordinated development of time-sharing leases of new energy vehicles and other transportation methods has become particularly urgent.This article takes green and low carbon transportation as the starting point and takes the timesharing of new energy vehicles as the research object.Through questionnaire survey data,it starts from two aspects: the research of new energy vehicles timesharing travel intention and the choice of travel mode.The development of time-sharing leasing provides a reference basis.This paper firstly carried out the research on the travel intention of time-sharing leasing of new energy vehicles,introduced the acceptance behavior theory,and built a travel intention structural equation model based on the technology acceptance model(TAM).Using questionnaire survey data,AMOS software was used to fit and solve the travel intention structural equation model,and the potential factors and mechanisms affecting traveler’s use of new energy vehicles time-sharing rental were analyzed.Obtain the potential variable effect value: Perceived usefulness has the greatest impact on the willingness to use(0.494),followed by attitude to use(0.329),perceived ease of use(0.265),perceived price level(-0.254),and perceived safety(0.234)Among them,the perceived price level has a more significant negative effect on the willingness to use,the rest are significantly positive effects,and the research hypotheses are all established.When choosing a traveler,priority will be given to factors such as convenience,time consumption,and travel advantages over other modes of travel,as well as the convenience of time-sharing lease and return of new energy vehicles,the comfort of travel,and low-carbon environmental protection.And other factors.In addition,the higher the cost of new energy vehicles time-sharing travel,the lower the travel safety and privacy security,the lower the traveler’s willingness to use.Secondly,research on travel choice behavior under the influence of time-sharing leasing of new energy vehicles.Through the survey sample data,we can know that the travel proportion of each transportation mode is: subway(39.9%),private car(22.7%),bus(18.6%),new energy vehicle time-sharing rental(10.1%)and taxi(8.7%)The timesharing of new energy vehicles is an import-ant supplement to urban public transportation.Analysis of the results of the mixed logit model shows that walking time,waiting time,in-vehicle time,and cost are all significant to the choice of behavior,and the individual income levels of travelers and private car ownership show strong heterogeneity.The latent class conditional logit model divides travelers into three categories.Investigate the differences in the sensitivity of different categories of groups to walking time,waiting time,in-vehicle time,and travel cost factors,analyze the impact of individual heterosexuality represented by the model on selection behavior,and dig deeply into the preferences of the three categories of groups for travel methods.The three categories of groups are divided into expense-sensitive,"time-sensitive" and "travel-balanced",of which the new energy vehicle time-sharing rental travel group belongs to "travel-balanced",and it is expected that higher travel costs can be obtained with lower travel costs.Quality of travel services.Finally,combining the research results of the time-sharing travel intent-ion of new energy vehicles and the results of elasticity analysis,the paper pro-poses corresponding suggestions for optimizing the development of time-sharing leasing of new energy vehicles from the perspectives of travel time consumption and pricing.更多还原