【作者】 刘霞；

【导师】 钟惠波；

【作者基本信息】 北京理工大学 ， 理论经济学， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 创业的经济增长效应历来备受关注。目前,学术界关于创业经济增长效应的研究主要集中在两个方面,一是创业与经济增长的关系研究,二是创业影响经济增长的途径研究。在创业与经济增长的关系方面,学术界关于两者之间的具体关系研究并无统一定论,有学者认为两者是线性关系,也有学者认为是U型关系或者S型关系,还有学者认为两者是双螺旋促进关系。造成上述不同学者研究结论不一致的主要原因,是研究样本的差别,并具体体现为样本中创业企业类型及其所处市场环境的差别。在创业影响经济增长的途径方面,已有研究主要关注企业家精神和知识溢出带来的影响,缺少针对我国市场化改革大环境对创业经济增长效应影响的研究。鉴于此,本文尝试基于区分市场化条件和创业类型的视角,对不同创业类型以及市场化条件协同作用下创业的经济增长效应进行研究。本文首先在对创业、创业类型以及创业经济增长效应相关文献进行综述的基础上,对创业、不同创业类型的概念进行定义,并梳理已有文献关于创业及其经济增长效应的研究。然后,对不同创业类型以及市场化条件影响创业经济增长效应的理论机制进行分析。在理论分析的基础上,通过扩展柯布-道格拉斯生产函数建立实证研究模型,使用面板回归模型对不同创业类型以及市场化条件协同影响下的创业经济增长效应进行实证分析,并借鉴汉森的两机制门限回归模型对其进行门限检验。最后,对我国进行区域划分,检验不同创业类型以及市场化条件协同影响下创业经济增长效应的区域差异。基于上述研究,本文得到以下结论:(1)当前,对经济增长有显著促进作用的创业类型是套利型创业,尤其是技术套利型创业。(2)随着市场化水平的提高,创新型创业对经济增长的促进作用增大,而套利型创业,不管是技术套利型创业还是商业套利型创业,对经济增长的促进作用都在减弱。(3)创业类型与市场化条件在不同的阶段对经济增长的作用不同,鼓励创业的政策需要把握创业类型与市场化条件协同影响下的创业经济增长效应的阶段特征及其门槛区间,才能有效实现促进经济增长的政策目标。(4)随着市场化程度的提高,创新型创业对缩小区域经济差异有积极作用,而套利型创业则会扩大区域之间的经济发展差异。创业活动是影响经济增长的重要因素之一,市场化改革是影响创业活动的重要环境因素。本文运用扩展的柯布-道格拉斯生产函数,结合中国区域差异的具体国情,将创业类型细分为创新型创业、技术套利型创业和商业套利型创业,并研究这三种不同创业类型以及市场化条件协同影响下的创业经济增长效应。这一研究不仅为当前创业与经济增长之间关系的不一致提供合理解释,而且为我国制定适合地区发展的创业政策提供依据,具有一定的实践意义和应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The economic growth effect induced by entrepreneurship has always drawn much attention.At present,the researchers mainly focuses on two aspects when studied the economic growth effect,induced by entrepreneurship the relationship between entrepreneurship and economic growth,and the ways in which entrepreneurship affects economic growth.There is no uniform conclusion about the relationship between entrepreneurship and economic growth.Some scholars think it is linear and some think it is U-type or S-type.Others even think it is double helix facilitation.The main reason for these different conclusions is that most scholars did not subdivide the types of businesses.The impact of entrepreneurial spirits and knowledge spillovers were the focus when the impact of entrepreneurship on economic growth was studied in the existing research.However,there is almost no researches about the impact of the market-oriented reform environment on the economic growth of entrepreneurship.In view of this,types of businesses are subdivided based on the level of marketization,and entrepreneurial economy growth induced by the combined effects of different types of entrepreneurship and market conditions is studied in this article.Based on the review of the literature on entrepreneurial and entrepreneurial types and the economic growth of entrepreneurship,the concepts of entrepreneurship and different types of entrepreneurship are defined and entrepreneurship and its economic growth effects are discussed.Then,the theoretical mechanism of different entrepreneurial types and market conditions affecting entrepreneurial economic growth is analyzed.On the basis of theoretical analysis,an empirical research model is establishes through expanding the Cobb-Douglas production function.The panel regression model is used to analyze the entrepreneurial economic growth effects under the influence of different types of businesses and market conditions.Combining with Hansen’s two-mechanism threshold regression model,the economic growth effects of different businesses types and market conditions are tested through threshold.Finally,the regional division of our country is used to test the regional effects of different types of businesses and market conditions under the synergies of the entrepreneurial economy under the influence of economic growth.Based on the above research contents,the following conclusions are obtained:(1)At present,arbitrage-based entrepreneurship,especially technology-based arbitrage-type entrepreneurship,has a significant promotion effect on economic growth.(2)The higher the marketization level,the greater the promotion effect of innovative entrepreneurship on economic growth.While the arbitrage-based entrepreneurship,whether it is technology-based or business-based arbitrage,has less effect on economic growth.(3)Entrepreneurial types and marketization conditions have different effects on economic growth in different stages.The entrepreneurship-encouraging policies can promote economic growth effectively only when the stage characteristics and thresholds of entrepreneurial economic growth under the synergistic influence of entrepreneurial types and market conditions is clear.(4)With the improvement of marketization,innovative start-ups play a positive role in reducing the regional economic disparity,while the arbitrage-based start-ups will expand the economic development differences among different regions.Entrepreneurship is one of the important factors affecting economic growth,while market-oriented reformation is an important environmental factor affecting entrepreneurial activity.In this paper,based on the specific national conditions of China’s regional differences,entrepreneurship types are subdivided into innovative entrepreneurship,technological arbitrage-type entrepreneurship and commercial arbitrage-type entrepreneurship through the extended Cobb-Douglas production function.And economic growth induced by the combined effects of different types of entrepreneurship and market conditions is studied.The results in this study provide not only a reasonable explanation to the current inconsistency between entrepreneurship and economic growth,but also the basis for our country to formulate the entrepreneurial policy suitable for the development in different regions.It is of great practical and applied value.更多还原