【作者】 刘洋；

【导师】 汤双清；

【作者基本信息】 三峡大学 ， 机械工程， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 飞轮电池以其能量密度高、放电深度大、循环次数近乎无限等特点得到了一致好评。在储能领域相较于现有的其他储能方式,飞轮电池扮演着不可或缺的角色。为降低损耗增加转换率,飞轮电池在真空环境下采用磁力轴承支承。飞轮电池采用的磁力轴承大致上可分为主动磁力轴承、被动磁力轴承和由前两种轴承混搭的混合磁力轴承三类。本文就飞轮电池用被动磁力轴承进行研究。本文介绍了飞轮电池的发展和目前飞轮储能概况,说明了飞轮电池的工作原理和一个储能周期内的三个阶段的工作过程。重点归纳了现阶段国内外对飞轮电池所用磁力轴承的研究现状尤其是被动磁力轴承。被动磁力轴承与磁场的形式密切相关,本文详细说明了现阶段磁学理论和结合磁力控制的研究现状。从双环形磁铁磁场呈马鞍面的特点出发,提出了该型磁场制作径向被动磁悬浮轴承的构想。以此构想为目标,研究了多环形磁铁形成的多马鞍面形磁场。分析了多马鞍面磁场与环绕磁铁个数和环绕半径之间的关系。结合磁场、磁力与运动的关系,将研究重心转移到磁力场上。将两磁铁之间的磁力看作是黑箱问题,运用参数化扫描和神经网络算法还原基本磁力单元的磁力场,根据此结果建立了由基本单元构成的真实磁力模型。从能量的观点来研究磁力轴承,以提出的多马鞍面磁力模型计算磁力功,以功能关系为依据从克服磁力做功角度下提出磁力轴承最大许可冲击能量这一稳定性特征值。运用数值方法计算并对比了不同参数下磁力轴承的最大许可冲击能量。在Simulink中建立了径向磁力轴承模型,将与位置有关的被动磁力以主动控制力的形式加入,从运动学上验证了本文磁力轴承的稳定性。以卧式放置方式为工况,用最优化方法对磁力轴承的参数进行确定。提出了以许可冲击能量最大、所用磁铁质量最小为目标的优化模型。针对优化过程中计算量大的问题,对优化过程加以改进。以本文研究的永磁被动磁力支撑系统对固定式卧式飞轮电池进行结构设计。对部分构件进行了详细设计并说明了运行原理。用本文提出的优化模型对该飞轮电池磁力轴承磁铁的几何参数和相对位置进行优化设计。运用虚拟样机的方法验证了飞轮电池永磁被动磁力轴承的稳定性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The flywheel battery has been well received for its high energy density,large depth of discharge,and near-infinite number of cycles.In the field of energy storage,flywheel batteries play an indispensable role compared to other existing energy storage methods.In order to reduce the loss and increase the conversion rate,the flywheel battery is supported by a magnetic bearing in a vacuum environment.The magnetic bearings used in the flywheel battery can be divided into active magnetic bearings,passive magnetic bearings and hybrid magnetic bearings.This paper studies the passive magnetic bearings for flywheel batteries.This paper introduces the development of the flywheel battery and the current energy storage overview of the flywheel,illustrating the working principle of the flywheel battery and the three stages of the work process in a storage cycle.The research status of magnetic bearings used in flywheel batteries at home and abroad,especially passive magnetic bearings,is summarized.Passive magnetic bearings are closely related to the form of magnetic field.This paper elaborates on the current research status of magnetic theory and magnetic control.Based on the characteristics of the magnetic field of the double ring magnet,the idea of making a radial passive magnetic suspension bearing with this type of magnetic field is proposed.With this concept in mind,a multi-saddle surface magnetic field formed by a multi-ring magnet was studied.The relationship of the multi-saddle surface magnetic field between the number of surrounding magnets and the surrounding radius is analyzed.Combining the relationship between magnetic field,magnetic force and motion,the research focus is transferred to the magnetic field.The magnetic force between the two magnets is regarded as a black box problem.The parametric scan and neural network algorithm are used to restore the magnetic field of the basic magnetic unit.Based on this result,a real magnetic model composed of basic units is established.From the point of view of energy,the magnetic bearing is studied,and the stability characteristic value of the maximum permissible impact energy of the magnetic bearing is proposed based on the functional relationship.Numerical methods were used to calculate and compare the maximum permissible impact energy of magnetic bearings under different parameters.A radial magnetic bearing model was established in Simulink,and the position-dependent passive magnetic force was added in the form of active control force.The stability of the magnetic bearing was verified by kinematics.The horizontal placement method is used as the working condition,and the parameters of the magnetic bearing are determined by the optimization method.An optimization model with the maximum impact energy and the minimum mass of magnets is proposed.The optimization process is improved for the problem of large calculation in the optimization process.The permanent magnetic passive magnetic support system studied in this paper is used to design the fixed horizontal flywheel battery.Some components were designed in detail and explained the operating principle.The geometric parameters and relative positions of the magnetic bearing magnets of the flywheel battery are optimized by the optimization model proposed in this paper.The stability of the permanent magnet passive magnetic bearing of the flywheel battery was verified by the virtual prototype method.更多还原