【作者】 李颖；

【导师】 赵晓峰；

【作者基本信息】 河北工业大学 ， 建筑学， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 佛教是我国的第一大教。佛教自从西汉末年传入中国以来,比起其他的两大宗教,伊斯兰教和基督教,佛教在中国的影响显而易见是最大的。因此,在佛教发展的鼎盛时期——隋唐时期的佛教建筑极为常见。作为从印度传来的外来宗教文化,佛教本身对佛教建筑的建设有很大影响,其中佛教世界的宇宙观对其影响与否及影响程度,以目前学术界的研究成果看,这方面的研究和论断并不很充分,而这就是本论文的主要研究内容。本文主要以佛教宇宙观中的须弥山世界为研究基础,辅以在佛教建筑中稍有体现的其他层次的宇宙空间,如华藏世界、东方净土世界、西方极乐世界等。通过分析研究佛经、文献、经变画,尝试确定佛教宇宙空间、方位及其层次关系,并通过图形化的手段表达出来。佛教从西域传入我国,由于传入途径的不同和流经地区文化的差异,佛教内容有所变化,流入我国汉地的称为汉传佛教,流入我国的佛教受到我国文化的影响,在微观宇宙空间的表达上发生变化,从而间接影响部分后期汉地佛教建筑的空间建设。佛教宇宙空间中容纳万物,而且万物有自己的空间位置,这是佛教中的等级关系,等级秩序的严格遵守,影响了佛教建筑的空间分布、造像摆位、壁画内容等。我国佛教建筑主要包括石窟寺和寺院。虽然佛教在唐代经历了大小三次抑制甚至灭法行动,但是隋唐时期石窟寺的凿建和寺院的建设还是达到鼎盛。综合建筑学、宗教学、考古学等多门学科,对隋唐时期的佛教建筑实例及建筑遗址进行梳理。遵循从整体到个体再到内部空间的顺序,从建筑群的规划布局、建筑空间形式功能到室内造像摆位、壁画位置内容等,多角度探寻佛教建筑中佛教宇宙观的影子,尽可能挖掘出普适性强的规律要点。同时对现代仿唐佛教建筑设计开拓思路,打破张冠李戴、千篇一律,回归宗教原意的设计路径中,提供多角度的设计可能性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Buddhism is the first major religion in our country.Since Buddhism was introduced into China in the last year of the Western Han Dynasty,the influence of Buddhism in China is obviously the greatest than the other two major religions,Islam and Christianity.Therefore,during the heyday of the development of Buddhism,Buddhist architecture in Sui and Tang Dynasties is very common.As a foreign religious culture from India,Buddhism itself has a great influence on the construction of the Buddhist architecture,in which the influence and influence of the Buddhist world outlook on the universe and the extent of its influence have not been studied and discussed in this field adequately,but this is the main research content of this paper.This paper is based on the study of the mountain world in the Buddhist universe,supplemented by other levels of space in the Buddhist architecture,such as the world of China,the net world of the East and the Western Paradise.Through the analysis and study of Buddhist sutras,documents and sutras,this paper tries to determine the space,orientation and hierarchical relationship of Buddhism,and expresses it through graphical means.Buddhism was introduced into China from the western regions.Because of the difference in the way of introduction and the cultural differences in the region,the content of Buddhism has changed.It is called the Han Buddhism in the Han Dynasty in our country.The Buddhism flowing into our country is influenced by the culture of our country,and changes in the expression of the microcosmic space,thus indirectly affecting the later Han Chinese Buddha.The space construction of teaching architecture.The Buddhist cosmic space holds all things,and everything has its own space position.This is the hierarchical relationship in Buddhism,the strict observance of the order order,which affects the spatial distribution of the Buddhist architecture,the position of the statue and the content of the murals.Buddhist architecture in China mainly includes grottoes and temples.Although Buddhism experienced three actions of restraint and even extermination in the Tang Dynasty,the construction of grotto temples and monasteries in the Sui and Tang Dynasties reached its peak.Combining architecture,religion,Archaeology and other disciplines,this paper combs the examples of Buddhist architecture and architectural sites in Sui and Tang Dynasties.Following the order from the whole to the individual and then to the inner space,from the layout of the building group,the function of the space form to the position of the interior statue and the content of the mural,the shadow of the Buddhist universe in the Buddhist architecture is explored from many angles,and the rules of the universality are tobe excavated as much as possible.At the same time,it provides a multi angle design possibility for the design of modern Tang Buddhist architecture,breaking the path of the original meaning of religion and returning to the original meaning of religion.更多还原