【作者】 王敏；

【导师】 杜宁宁；

【作者基本信息】 华南理工大学 ， 社会工作（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 军休干部为党的建设事业和人民幸福生活奉献了自己的一生,他们是党和国家的宝贵财富。作为特殊的老年人群体,他们具有更高的社会期待与精神需求。由于逐渐脫离主流社会,导致心理产生巨大落差,军休干部出现了孤独寂寞、自我否定、人生价值或意义感减弱等问题,这严重影响了他们晚年精神生活。当前,人生回顾法介入军休干部精神慰藉的研究相对空缺。作者以接触到的一名情绪较低落、自我效能感和生活满意度较低的军休干部为研究对象,采用老年社会工作的基本技巧人生回顾法对其进行研究。以埃里克森的人格发展理论为基础,作者通过与军休干部一同制定人生回顾计划,用人生回顾法访谈其参军初期、朝鲜战争、建国年代和晚年生活等经历,深入分析了军休干部在青春期、成年早期、成年期和成年晚期不同人生阶段的发展情况,疏导军休干部情绪、挖掘军休干部优势,帮助其排解情感孤寂,重寻生命价值与意义,最终达到实现自我整合的目的。同时,在实务中探索人生回顾疗法对于军休干部有效性的原因和具体表现,反思人生回顾对至其他具体相同特点的人群的适用性和有效性。研究结果表明,采用人生回顾方法,军休干部在社会工作者的引导下可以释放自己的负面情绪,释怀自己未完成的遗憾,并以积极乐观的心态去面对未来的生活。其次,相对其他疗法,人生回顾法通过帮助军休干部回忆其光辉岁月,更容易通过回忆、强化自己曾经克服种种困难的经验和优势,帮助军休干部自身以积极的心态面对当下的精神生活问题。最后,人生回顾法对军休干部获得自我整合感具有十分重要的意义。军休干部的一生都奉献给了国家的建设事业,因此,通过用人生回顾方法,他们比普通人更容易找寻人生的意义并从中获得成就感。军休干部不仅为自己的生命历程而感到自豪,而且能得到自我整合感,完成老年阶段的人生任务。人生回顾法介入特定人群,给人生回顾专业方法在特定人群的运用给予了新提示,为拓展提高特定人群精神慰藉的途径提供新的建议和意见。更多还原

【Abstract】 Military cadres have devoted all their lives to the party’s construction and the people’s happy life.They are the precious wealth of the Party and the country.As a special group of the elderly,they have higher social expectations and spiritual needs.Due to the gradual departure from the mainstream society,there is a huge psychological gap,military cadres appear lonely,self-denial,life value or sense of significance weakened,which seriously affected their spiritual life in their later years.At present,the life review law is involved in the research on the spiritual consolation of military cadres.The author took a retired military cadre who was in low mood,low self-efficacy and low life satisfaction as the research object,and used the basic skills of social work for the elderly,life review method to study him.According to Erickson’s personality development theory,the author made a life review plan for military retired cadres and interviewed their experiences in the early army,Korean War,founding years and later life by life review method,analyzed the development status of military retired cadres in adolescence,early adulthood,adulthood and late adulthood,so as to channel their emotions,explore their advantages,help them relieve emotional loneliness,emphasize the value and significance of life,and finally realize self-integration.At the same time,in practice,the author explores the reasons and specific manifestations of the effectiveness of life review therapy for retired military cadres,and explores the effectiveness of life review for other groups with specific and similar characteristics.The results show that under the guidance of social workers,military retired cadres can release their negative emotions,release their unfinished regrets,and face their future life with a positive and optimistic attitude.Secondly,compared with other therapies,the life review method helps demobilize military cadres to recall their glorious years,and it is easier to recall and strengthen their experience and advantages in overcoming various difficulties,so as to help demobilize military cadres to face the current spiritual life problems more actively.Finally,the law of life review is of great significance for military retired cadres to gain a sense of self-integration.Military cadres devote their whole life to the cause of national construction.Therefore,they can find the meaning of life and obtain a sense of achievement more easily than ordinary people by using the method of life review.Military cadres are not only proud of their life history,but also gain a sense of self-integration.Review method involved in certain people in life,for life review professional methods in the use of certain people to give the new tip,for extending the way of improving specific people spiritual solace provides new Suggestions and comments.更多还原