【作者】 张欣；

【导师】 李辉； 张学良；

【作者基本信息】 河北科技大学 ， 英语笔译（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 随着中国铁路行业的快速发展,中外铁路领域的合作日益加深,也带动了铁路车辆空调设备生产企业与国外车厂的贸易合作。技术翻译在促进贸易双方技术沟通方面,不可或缺。《技术需求规范》是一篇技术文本,在项目、设计、产品、试验、品质保证、运行和维护等方面对定制化生产的车用空调机组做出了要求。本翻译实践报告选取该文本作为研究对象,在纽马克文本类型理论指导下,来探究如何提高技术翻译的翻译质量。根据文本类型理论,技术文本属于信息型文本,应遵循交际翻译。在翻译实践中,作者发现英汉语言表达方面有诸多不同,于是使用翻译技巧来提高译文可读性。词汇层面,译文使用増译和转换词性的翻译技巧,解决了固定搭配缺失以及惯用词性使用差异问题。句法层面,作者遇到了长难句和被动语态翻译不当,原文语义重复及结构松散的问题,于是使用分译、转换句型、减译、合译的翻译技巧来一一化解。语篇层面,重组可以有效解决原文逻辑不清、语序混乱的情况,转换语篇结构可以有效解决原文语篇结构不当的问题。最后,本文得出结论,以期为后期研究者提供启示:翻译技术文本,分析原文特点与理解读者需求并重,主要翻译技巧及辅助性翻译技巧并用可以实现交际翻译,具备双语语言能力及专业背景知识可提高翻译质量及翻译效率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with the acceleration of China’s railway industry and continuous breakthroughs in railway technology,China and foreign countries have intensified their cooperation in railroad business,which drives the trade cooperation between Chinese manufacturers of railway air conditioning and foreign manufacturers of vehicles.In order to promote the effectiveness of technical communication between trade parties,technical translation is particularly prominent.Technical requirements specification is a kind of technical text about customized railway air conditioner for new vehicles,which defined the requirements on the project,design,product,test,quality assurance,operation and maintenance etc.Based on the text,the translation report discussed how to improve the quality of the technical translation under the guidance of Newmark’s text typology.The communicative translation would be the first preference in technical translation because the source text belongs to the informative text according to Newmark’s text typology.In practice,Chinese differs from English a lot in expression so translation techniques are essential to maintain readability.To be specific,addition and conversion of part of speech are crucial from the perspective of lexical level due to the loss of verbs and nouns and different usage in part of speech.In syntactic level,mistranslation of complex sentences and the passive voice are major problems in translation.Furthermore,reduplicative information and short sentences with close connection also exist in the source text.Consequently,division,conversion of sentence pattern,omission,combination are applied to solve those problems respectively.As for the textual level,source text with incoherent information and improper discourse structure is very common so reorganization and conversion of discourse structure are used accordingly.At last,conclusions are drawn in this report for the reference of later researchers.Put concretely,of equal importance are analyses on the source text and acquisition of target readers’ requirement.The purpose of communicative translation will be achieved by a major translation technique with several subordinate translation techniques and translation quality and efficiency can be improved by acquiring bilingual language skills and professional knowledge.更多还原