【作者】 陈璐；

【导师】 范以锦；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 新闻与传播（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 既有认知中,粉丝是从文化上边缘、社会上弱势的立场展开运作的,是文本盗猎者、是游牧的读者,缺乏直接参与商业文化生产的工具,只能通过粉丝社群对关注文化的挪用进行着参与式文化生产。但随着媒介变迁,粉丝逐渐从文化上“无权的边缘者”变为受商业追捧并参与娱乐产业的“第三种权力”。现代粉丝群体媒介权、话语权等综合权力的提高使“造星”主动权掌握在粉丝手里,他们对偶像不再是单方面“追逐”,而变成了双向参与的“养成”模式,重塑了传统的偶像产业。“养成”类偶像是当下粉丝权力崛起催生的典型偶像文本,其偏向于偶像文化范畴,相较于传统的造星模式下建构的粉丝文化而言,“养成”类偶像粉丝权力的表达更加“狂热”和“过度”,为新媒体时代下的粉丝文化增添了新的特点和展现形式。本研究通过对西方粉丝文化研究的三大阶段及代表人物的观点的重点梳理把握媒介与粉丝文化变迁的整体脉络。以现象级“养成”偶像组合TFBOYS为个案,了解“养成”系偶像的起源、特征,再以网络民族志为研究方法,亲身进入TFBOYS的网络粉丝社区,结合对粉丝的深度访谈深入了解TFBOYS迷群,研究粉丝群体的权力表达。研究主要基于当前消费主义的社会文化背景对粉丝权力展开讨论,研究发现,社交媒体的发展和消费的赋权是粉丝权力增长的基础,同时粉丝作为积极受众,在“养成”过程中通过深入的社交参与和能动的生产、消费实现了自我赋权,进一步强化了自身的权力感。当前粉丝权力成为一股不能忽视的力量,粉丝权力意识觉醒下开始更加重视权力的表达。本研究进一步分析总结当前偶像养成系粉丝的权力实践发现,“养成系”偶像的粉丝已成为偶像文本“熟练的参与者”和媒体内容积极地“生产型消费者”,在文化和经济领域进行了形式多样的权力表达,使其与偶像、媒介、资本的权力关系均发生了反转,粉丝的参与不仅成为一个节目或明星成功与否的关键,也成为它们能否获得流量和资本的关键。他们不仅成为偶像塑造的最大权力方强势介入偶像文本的生产环节,参与偶像的形象塑造和文本创造,通过自身的消费和生产建构“偶像符号”,促进粉丝经济发展。还运用群体权力能动的对文本进行着对抗式解读,通过集体化对抗和协商的方式追索自己的权力,并对偶像产生了私人化的想象,成为偶像文本看护者。同时,粉丝权力的膨胀也带来了新的粉丝文化困境,这一方面是粉丝滥用权力所致,另一方面则是在媒体和资本的“合谋”下被利用的结果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fans operate from a position of cultural marginalization and social vulnerability,are text poachers and nomadic readers,and lack the tools to engage directly in commercial cultural production,participatory Culture production can only be carried out through the appropriation of the culture of concern by the fan community.But with the change of media,fans have gradually changed from the "powerless marginal" in culture to the "third power" that is sought after by business and involved in the entertainment industry.With the improvement of the comprehensive power such as the media right and the discourse right of the modern fans,the active power of "making stars" is in the hands of the fans.Instead of unilateral "chasing" their idols,they have become a "cultivating" mode of two-way participation,has reshaped the traditional icon industry."cultivating" idol is a typical text of idol,which is inclined to the category of idol culture,compared with the fans culture constructed under the traditional star-making mode,the expression of fans’ power of "cultivating" idols is more "fanatical" and "excessive",which adds new characteristics and forms to the fans’ culture in the new media era.This article through to the Western Fan culture research three big stages and the representative personage’s point of view combs grasps the media and the fan culture vicissitude overall vein.Taking the phenomenon-level "formed" idol group TFBOYS as an example,to understand the origin and characteristics of "formed" idol group,and then taking the online ethnography as a research method,to personally enter the TFBOYS’ online fan community,combined with in-depth interviews with fans to understand TFBOYS fan group,study the power of fans group expression.The research is based on the discussion of fans’ power in the current consumerist social and cultural context.It finds that the development of social media and the empowerment of consumption are the basis of fans’ power growth,and fans as active audiences,in the process of "formation" through deep social participation and dynamic production and consumption to achieve self-empowerment,further strengthen their own sense of power.At present,Fan Power has become a force that can not be ignored.Under the awakening of Fan power consciousness,more attention has been paid to the expression of power.This research further analyzes and summarizes the current power practice of the fans of the idol-forming department,and finds that the fans of the "idol-forming department" have become "skilled participants" of the text of the idol and "productive consumers" of the media content,the various expressions of power in the cultural and economic spheres have reversed their power relations with idols,media and capital,and the participation of fans is not only the key to the success of a show or a star,it is also critical to their access to flows and capital.They not only become the most powerful party in the process of idol text production,participate in the creation of idol image and text,construct "idol symbol" through their own consumption and production,and promote the development of fan economy.In addition,the author uses the group power to interpret the text in opposition,pursues his own power through the way of collective confrontation and negotiation,and has a personal imagination to the idol,and becomes the guardian of the idol text.At the same time,the expansion of fans’ power has brought about a new dilemma of fans’ culture,which is caused by the abuse of fans’ power on the one hand,and the result of the "collusion" of media and capital on the other hand.更多还原