【作者】 杨萍；

【导师】 徐国荣；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 中国语言文学 中国古代文学， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 《古诗十九首》被钟嵘誉为“一字千金”,这组诗以其清新、刚健、质朴的风格和缠绵悱恻、哀而不伤的艺术特点,铿锵有力地在诗歌史上划上了浓墨重彩的一笔。凭借字字珠玑的语言形式,被历代中外学者研究、赞赏。但值得注意的是,随着时间的推移,这组诗歌在流传的过程中出现了许多异文。而这些异文的存在显然使“一字千金”的评价显得暧昧可疑。因此,研究这组诗歌的异文显得极为必要。学界对于这组诗歌产生时间的争论,无论何种说法都脱不出中国古籍传播史上具有象征意义的“钞本时代”,这个问题尤为复杂。所谓《古诗十九首》的“异文”研究,正是将目光放置于这一特殊的文本传播时间段,充分考虑到在“钞本时代”这一大环境下,文本的创作、传播、写定有极强烈的多样性与不稳定性下的文本研究。通过研究不同的文字变化,读者可以探求这组诗歌的生成方式、传播路径。同时也能根据对异文的对比研究,体会不同文字带给诗歌的文学欣赏效果,进而探究异文背后的深层文化意蕴。本文共分为四章五部分,绪论部分先论述了选题的研究意义,即将《古诗十九首》置于钞本时代这个大背景下,以异文为线索,综合考察《古诗十九首》的创作、传播、写定,进而阐述文本解读的多种可能性以及由异文生发的文学欣赏效果和异文背后的文化意蕴。接着分析《古诗十九首》的研究现状,最后对本文所据校本和凡例做了简单说明。接下来第一章分析了“钞本时代”下文献的生成、传播、写定的复杂性,以及解读文献(含《古诗十九首》)的多种可能性,然后对异文进行定义,对异文的产生原因及表现形式展开分析。第二章则将《古诗十九首》的异文尽可能的收集分类,分为“义同的异文”、“义近的异文”、“形近的异文”、“词序颠倒的异文”及“其他”五类,并简单对所举异文进行分析。第三章主要对异文注释进行研究,分析逯钦立对《古诗十九首》异文注释的形式、特点和不足,接着讨论一类特殊的异文注释——自我异文,即在《李善注文选》中,不在同一章节的正文和注释中出现,却在其他章节的注文中出现的异文。通过整理《李善注文选》中的有关《十九首》的自我异文,分析这种注释现象的形成原因以及研究价值。第四章主要分析异文与文学欣赏、文化意蕴的关系,第一部分首先解析了异文于诗歌鉴赏之作用,接着讨论异文与物象探寻的关系,最后归纳与异文相关的“程式句”。第二部分探究异文与文化意蕴的关系,分别从物质文化、制度文化两方面展开,研究异文反映出的时代文化意蕴。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nineteen Ancient Poems is praised by Zhong Rong as "A word is like a thousand gold".With its fresh,vigorous,simple style and sentimental and sad artistic characteristics,this series of poems has made a strong and powerful mark in the history of poetry.It has been studied and appreciated by Chinese and foreign scholars in the past dynasties because of its language form.However,it is worth noting that with the passage of time,there are many different poems in the process of spreading.However,the existence of these variants obviously makes the evaluation of "one word,one thousand gold" ambiguous and suspicious.Therefore,it is very necessary to study this group of poems.No matter what is said about the generation time of this group of poems,it can’t be separated from the symbolic "era of manuscript" in the history of Chinese ancient book communication,and the text generation and communication in this period is particularly complex.The so-called study of "different writings" in "Nineteen Ancient Poems" is just focusing on this special period of time,and deeply considering the text research under the environment of "era of manuscript ",the creation,dissemination and writing of the text have a very strong diversity and instability.Through the study of different text changes,readers can explore the generation mode and transmission path of this group of poems,and make a comparative study of different texts,so that readers can experience the literary appreciation effect brought by different texts,and explore the deep cultural meaning behind the different texts.This paper is divided into five chapters.In the first chapter,the introduction discusses the significance of the research topic,that is to say,under the background of "era of manuscript",the creation,dissemination and writing of the Nineteen Ancient Poems are comprehensively investigated with the clue of different texts,and then expounds the various possibilities of text interpretation,the different literary appreciation effects brought by different texts and the cultural implications behind the different texts.Then it analyzes the current situation of the study of Nineteen Ancient Poems,and makes a brief explanation of the school-based and explanatory notes.The second chapter first analyzes the complexity of the generation,dissemination and writing of documents under the "era of manuscript ",as well as the various possibilities of interpreting documents(including the Nineteen Ancient Poems),then defines” the variants”,and analyzes the causes and forms of expression of the different texts.In the third chapter,l try my best to collect and classify the different writings in the Nineteen Ancient Poems,which can be divided into five categories: "different writings with the same meaning","different writings with close meaning","different writings with close form","different writings with reversed word order" and "other",and simply analyze the different writings.The fourth chapter is mainly about the study of different notes,analyzing the form and characteristics of different notes in Nineteen Ancient Poems,which was made by a scholar “lu Qinli”.Then l discuss a special kind of variants--self variants,that is,different notes in the same chapter’s body and notes,but in other chapters’ notes in Anthology of the Song Engraved Edition with Li Shan.Through sorting out the 19 self variant poems in the Anthology of the Song Engraved Edition with Li Shan,this paper analyzes the causes and research value of this annotation phenomenon.The fifth chapter mainly analyzes the relationship between variants and literary appreciation,cultural research.The first part first analyzes the role of variants in poetry appreciation.Then discusses the relationship between different texts and object exploration,and finally summarizes the "formula sentences" related to different tests.The second part explores the relationship between different tests and cultural studies,respectively from the material culture,institutional culture,two aspects,respectively,to analyze the cultural implications of the times reflected by different tests.更多还原