强化敏感性对大学生职业延迟满足的影响

【作者】 王亚南；

【导师】 刘长江；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 应用心理（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 作为影响个体职业发展的重要因素,职业延迟满足对大学生未来职业生涯的健康发展起着重要作用。高水平的职业延迟满足有助于大学生抵抗当下诱惑,在职场中挑战自我、实现个人价值,促进其未来职业发展,也有助于大学生职业信念的形成。但是以往很少有研究关注大学生的职业延迟满足。因此,为了更好地培养大学生得职业延迟满足,本研究基于强化敏感性理论,探讨强化敏感性与大学生职业延迟满足地关系,并试图引入自我控制与领悟社会支持两个变量,探讨其在强化敏感性与职业延迟满足之间的作用,以丰富相关理论的研究内容。本研究采用问卷调查法,以行为抑制/激活量表、自我控制量表、领悟社会支持量表以及职业延迟满足量表为工具对江苏省四所院校919名在校大学生进行问卷调查,考察了自我控制在强化敏感性与职业延迟满足之间的中介作用以及领悟社会支持是否调节了强化敏感性-自我控制-职业延迟满足三者之间的关系。研究采用SPSS21.0及其插件PROCESS进行分析,结果表明:(1)大学生强化敏感性、自我控制、领悟社会支持与职业延迟满足在性别上存在显著差异。(2)大学生职业延迟满足在家庭所在地上存在显著差异。(3)奖励敏感性、惩罚敏感性与自我控制、职业延迟满足和领悟社会支持两两之间存在显著正相关关系。(4)自我控制在奖励敏感性与职业延迟满足之间发挥部分中介作用。奖励敏感性可以正向预测自我控制以及职业延迟满足;自我控制可以正向预测职业延迟满足。(5)自我控制在惩罚敏感性与职业延迟满足之间起中介作用。惩罚敏感性可以正向预测自我控制以及职业延迟满足;自我控制可以正向预测职业延迟满足。(6)奖励敏感性对职业延迟满足的直接预测作用及自我控制在二者中的中介作用均受到领悟社会支持的正向调节。(7)领悟社会支持正向调节了自我控制在惩罚敏感性与职业延迟满足之间的中介作用。通过以上结果,我们可以得出结论:强化敏感性(奖励敏感性、惩罚敏感性)通过自我控制的部分中介作用影响大学生职业延迟满足水平,且领悟社会支持进一步对该过程起到正向调节作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 As an important factor affecting individual career development,occupational delayed gratification plays an important role in the healthy development of college students’ future career.High level of career delay satisfaction can help college students resist the current temptation,challenge themselves in the workplace,realize their personal value,promote their future career development,and also contribute to the formation of college students’ career beliefs.However,few previous studies have focused on college students’ career delayed gratification.Therefore,in order to better cultivate college students ’occupational delay satisfaction,based on the reinforcement sensitivity theory,this study explores the relationship between reinforcement sensitivity and college students’ occupational delay satisfaction,and attempts to introduce two variables of self-control and perceived social support to discuss their role between reinforcement sensitivity and occupational delay satisfaction to enrich the research content of related theories.This study examined the mediating role of self-control in the relationship between reinforcement sensitivity and occupational delayed gratification and the relationship between reinforcement sensitivity,self-control and occupational delay of gratification.In this research,the vocational delay of gratification questionnaire,behavioral inhibition/activation scale,self-control scale,and perceived social support scale,were used as research tools,to survey the vocational delay of gratification,reinforcement sensitivity,self-control and perceived social support of 919 college students in four universities in Jiangsu Province.SPSS21.0 and its plug-in PROCESS were used for analysis,and the results were as follows:(1)There are remarkable gender differences between undergraduates in reinforcement sensitivity,self-control,perceived social support and occupational delay satisfaction.(2)The differences of occupational delay satisfaction among undergraduates of different family locations are striking.(3)Significant positive correlations exist between reward sensitivity,punishment sensitivity,and self-control,delayed career satisfaction,and perceived social support.(4)Self-control plays a partial intermediary role between reward sensitivity and occupational delay satisfaction.Reward sensitivity can positively predict self-control and occupational delay satisfaction;self-control can positively predict occupational delay satisfaction.(5)Self-control plays an intermediary role between punishment sensitivity and occupational delay satisfaction.Punishiment sensitivity can positively predict selfcontrol and occupational delay satisfaction;self-control can positively predict occupational delay satisfaction.(6)The direct predictive effect of reward sensitivity on occupational delay satisfaction and the mediating role of self-control in both are positively regulated by the understanding of social support.(7)Perceived social support positively regulates the intermediary role of selfcontrol between punishment sensitivity and occupational delay satisfaction.From the above results,we can draw the conclusion that reinforcement sensitivity(reward sensitivity and punishment sensitivity)affects college students’ occupational delay satisfaction through part of the intermediary role of self-control,and perceived social support further plays a positive role in regulating this process.更多还原