庭审实质化视角下的庭前公诉案卷移送制度的完善

【作者】 金玲；

【导师】 汤尧；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 法律硕士（非法学）（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 庭前公诉案卷移送制度(以下简称庭前移送制度)是刑事诉讼程序中的重要环节,它连接着起诉与审判,承载着多种举足轻重的功能与作用。我国的庭前移送制度在历次刑事诉讼法的修改过程中都经历了重大改革,从1979年的“全案移送制度”到1996年的“主要证据复印件制度”,最后又在2012年以配置了全新审查制度的“全案移送制度”回归,这曲折的改革变化也反应了我国案卷移送制度在不停探索最为合适的路径。诚然,不同的庭前案卷移送方式与我国的刑事诉讼体系在不断的尝试、磨合,却依然没有解决案卷移送制度一直以来所存在的诸多弊端,其中最为棘手的是法官庭前预断、庭审流于形式等问题。党的十八大四中全会通过的《关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》规定:“推进以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革,确保侦查、审查起诉的案件事实经得起法律的检验。”将以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革明确为我国未来司法改革的重要内容之一,其中将以庭审实质化列为发展核心。当前,庭审形式化在诉讼过程中存在一定的普遍性,通过阅卷来完成对证据的审查和事实的认定极大的削弱了法庭调查和法庭辩论的作用。案卷在庭前的移送相当于公诉中侦查与庭审的桥梁,是法官阅卷的程序依托,与庭审实质化紧密相关。而现行的案卷移送制度显然与庭审实质化的诉讼理念相违背,如何改进案卷移送制度也受到了诸多学者的关注与重视。本文也将立足于庭审实质化的改革要求,进一步探索更为合理的庭前移送制度,以期消除目前公诉案卷移送的弊端,并通过完善相关配套措施来构建适合我国的庭前公诉案卷移送制度。本文共分为四个部分:第一部分为“庭审实质化与庭前公诉案卷移送制度概述”。阐述庭审实质化的内涵与基本要求,并分析案卷移送的内在机理、功能价值与庭审实质化的关系来研究如何在庭审实质化的视角下重新审视我国的庭前移送制度。第二部分为“域外庭前公诉案卷移送制度的比较研究”。通过对不同诉讼模式下较为典型的法治国家的刑事案卷移送方式进行研究并评析,探索他们的共性,以期对我国的案卷移送方式起到借鉴与启发作用。第三部分为“我国庭前公诉案卷移送制度的演变及反思”。回顾我国历次庭前移送制度的修改及其各自存在的问题,进行总结与反思,找到我国庭前移送方式制约庭审实质化实现的深层原因。第四部分为“我国庭前公诉案卷移送制度的重构”。针对庭审实质化的要求改革我国庭前移送制度,拟通过借鉴意大利的案卷移送改革经验,设计出“两步式”双重案卷移送制度,并以此构建完善的配套措施使之得以有效的运行。更多还原

【Abstract】 The pretrial public prosecution file transfer system(hereinafter referred to as the pretrial transfer system)is an important part of the criminal procedure.It connects prosecution and trial,and carries a variety of important functions.Our country’s pretrial transfer system has undergone major reforms in the previous revisions of the Criminal Procedure Law.From the "full case transfer system" in 1979 to the "copy system of main evidence" in 1996,finally,in 2012,it returned to the "whole case transfer system" which changed the review system.The "total case transfer system",this tortuous reform and change also reflects that China’s file transfer system is constantly exploring the most suitable path.It is true that different methods of pretrial file transfer and China’s criminal litigation system are constantly trying and running through,but have not solved many of the shortcomings of the traditional file transfer system.The most difficult thing is the judge’s pretrial judgment and the problem of trial flow in the form..The "Decision on Comprehensively Promoting Several Important Issues in Governing the Country According to Law" adopted by the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18 th National Congress of the Party stipulates: "Promote the reform of the litigation system centered on trials to ensure that the facts of investigation and examination of prosecution cases can withstand the legal inspection." The trial-centered litigation system reform is clearly one of the important contents of China’s future judicial reform,and the substantive nature of court trials is listed as the core of development.At present,the formalization of court trials still has a certain universality in the litigation process.The examination of evidence to complete the examination of the evidence and the determination of the facts have greatly weakened the role of court investigations and court debates.The transfer of files before the court is equivalent to the bridge between investigation and trial in the public prosecution.It is the basis for the judges to review the files and is inextricably linked to the substantive nature of the trial.The current file transfer system is obviously incompatible with the substantive litigation idea of the trial.Violation,how to improve the file transfer system has also received the attention and attention of many scholars.This article will also be based on the reform requirements of the substantive court trials,further explore a more reasonable pretrial transfer system,with a view to eliminating the disadvantages of the current public prosecution file transfer,and improve related supporting measures to build a pretrial public file transfer system suitable for China.This article is divided into four parts:The first part is "Overview of Substantive Court Trial and Pretrial Public Prosecution File Transfer System".This article expounds the connotation and basic requirements of court trial substantiveization,and analyzes the internal mechanism,function value and relationship of court trial substantiveization to study how to re-examine our court transfer system from the perspective of court trial substantiveization.The second part is "Comparative Study on the System of Transfer of Public Prosecution Cases in Extraterritorial Courts." By studying and analyzing the criminal file transfer methods of the typical law-ruled countries under different litigation models,they explore their commonality in order to serve as a reference and inspiration for China’s file transfer methods.The third part is "The Evolution and Reflection of the System of Transfer of Public Prosecution Cases in China." Review the changes of the pretrial transfer system in China and their respective problems,summarize and reflect,and find the deep reasons that the pretrial transfer method in our country restricts the realization of the trial.The fourth part is "Reconstruction of China’s Pretrial Public Prosecution File Transfer System".In response to the requirement of court trial substantive reform,China’s pretrial transfer system is reformed.It is planned to design a “two-step” dual file transfer system by drawing on the experience of the file transfer reform in Italy,and build a complete set of supporting measures to make it effective.更多还原