唐·伊德人-技关系的生态理性探析

【作者】 张岚；

【导师】 曹孟勤；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 科学技术哲学， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 技术的高速发展以及在各个领域的广泛应用给人们的生活带来了极大的便利,同时也使哲学家们把目光转向技术哲学。唐·伊德作为久负盛名的美国现代技术哲学家也对这种影响颇为关注。伊德的技术哲学思想主要受胡塞尔、海德格尔和梅洛·庞蒂等现象学家以及杜威实用主义思想的影响。他早期主要从事现象学研究,之后从实用主义中得到启示,将现象学和实用主义融合,发展了后现象学技术哲学。人—技关系现象学、工具实在论、技术文化观和赛博空间构成了伊德的后现象学技术哲学最重要组成部分。在技术现象学视域下,人—技术—世界关系呈现多样化关系模式。具体包括具身关系、诠释关系、它异关系以及背景关系,表明了技术在人与世界关系的中介性以及居间调节作用。探究人—技关系理论的生态理性,具身关系是技术表达“我”的“物我一体性”,诠释关系是技术表达世界的“交互解释性”,它异关系是技术自成一体的“技术约束性”以及背景关系的技术融入人与世界之中的“人技统一性”;四种关系理论体现出的生态性对现代技术的生态理性构成奠定了理论基础。伊德的技术现象学代表了由本体论向认识论的转向,从理论层面的批判到对具体实践描述,加入了对人性和生态的思考,对现代技术生态理性的发展具有重要启示意义。从人—技关系出发回到人、技术、世界关系,其进路是通过坚持生态平等主义、承担技术发展责任以及倡导生态技术发展理念来实现人、技术、世界的同生共进。更多还原

【Abstract】 The rapid development of technology and the widespread application in va rious fields have brought great convenience to people’s lives,and also caused philosophers to turn their attention to the philosophy of technology.Don Ihde,as a prestigious American modern technology philosopher,is also concerned ab out this influence.Ide’s philosophy of technology philosophy is mainly influenc ed by phenomenologists such as Husserl,Heidegger,and Melo Ponty,as well as Dewey’s pragmatism.He mainly engaged in phenomenological research in th e early days,and later learned inspiration from pragmatism.He merged pheno menology and pragmatism and developed the post-phenomenological technology philosophy.Human-technical phenomenology,instrumental realism,technological culture,and cyberspace constitute the most important components of Ed’s postphenomenological technology philosophy.From the perspective of technical phenomenology,the human-technology-w orld relationship presents a diverse relationship model.Including concrete relati ons,hermeneutic relations,other heterogeneous relations,and background relatio ns,it shows the mediating and mediating role of technology in the relationship between people and the world.Exploring the ecological rationality of the theo ry of human-technical relationship,the embodied relationship is the "thing-in-on eness" of the technical expression "I",the interpretive relationship is the "intera ctive interpretation" of the technical expression world,and its heterogeneous rel ationship is the "self-integrated" technology " "Technical constraints" and the "h uman unity of technology" that integrates the technology of the background int o the world;the ecology embodied by the four relationship theories lays the th eoretical foundation for the ecological rationality of modern technology.Ihde’s technical phenomenology represents a shift from ontology to epistem ology,from the critique of the theoretical level to the description of specific p ractices,adding human and ecological thinking,which has important implication s for the development of modern technological ecological rationality.Starting fr om the human-technical relationship and returning to the relationship between p eople,technology and the world,the way is to achieve the coexistence of peo ple,technology and the world by adhering to ecological egalitarianism,taking r esponsibility for technological development,and advocating the concept of ecol ogical technology development.更多还原