【作者】 杨文；

【导师】 辛全才；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 工程硕士（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 怀头他拉水库是怀头他拉镇最重要的水源地,引水口位于巴勒更河出山口处,上游植被稀少,水土流失严重,降水量集中,经常引发山洪,携带大量泥沙进入下游水库,致使怀头他拉水库淤积严重,严重影响了水库使用寿命和安全,对怀头他拉水库控制的3.3万亩灌溉农田及全镇人口的吃水安全带来安全风险。巴勒更河综合治理工程的设计研究正是为了解决减少怀头他拉水库入库泥沙、减轻怀头他拉水库的防洪压力,延长水库使用寿命。通过在沟道内布设拦沙坝和谷坊抬高侵蚀基准面,有效控制沟道下切侵蚀;在河道布设护岸稳定侵蚀岸坡,有效减少河岸坍塌,防治发生山洪地质灾害。有效治理水土流失,提高水源涵养能力,改善巴勒更河生态环境,实现生态环境良性循环,从根本上遏制生态环境日益恶化引起的泥沙大量进入库区。工程布置设计研究如下:(1)导流坝设计:导流坝布置在巴勒更河干流下游,位于怀头他拉水库引水枢纽下游1km。导流坝从左至右分别为导流闸、冲砂闸、溢流坝和非溢流坝组成。(2)导流渠设计:在导流闸后修建导流渠,导流渠首段连接导流闸的消力池。导流渠全长3.5km。(3)拦沙坝设计:巴勒更河及支沟修建拦沙坝,共修建7座拦沙坝。在巴勒更河干流河道中上游布置1座拦沙坝,巴勒更河支沟布置6座拦沙坝。拦沙坝采用固滨石笼,坝体下游设消力池和海漫,消力池和海漫采用固滨石笼。对拦沙坝前岸坡进行防护,防护采用固滨石笼护坡或喷10cm厚的C20砼护坡。非溢流段下游两岸根据实际地形进行岸坡防护,防护段采用固滨石笼结构。(4)谷坊设计:谷坊防洪标准按10年一遇3～6h最大暴雨,最易产生严重水土流失的短历时、高强度降雨进行设计。本次在巴勒更河两岸的10条支沟中布置57座谷坊。(5)岸坡防护设计:紧靠原有引水暗渠修建防护堤,长4.3km。防护堤采用坡式护岸结构型式,基础采用固滨石笼,基础深2m,护坡采用40cm厚固滨石笼,高度1m,坡比1:2。(6)在沟底下切较深的沟道修建控导工程潜坝,主要在支沟乌兰保姆和包尔扎图,共22座。潜坝总高2.5m,其中基础埋深2m,墙顶宽2m。(7)暗渠防护设计:靠原有引水暗渠西侧修建护岸,长度4.3km。护岸采用固滨石笼,基础为1m×1m固滨石笼,护坡采用40cm厚固滨石笼。更多还原

【Abstract】 The huaitoutala reservoir is the most important water source in the town of Huaitoutala.The water intake is located at the mouth of the Balegeng River.The vegetation in the upper reaches is sparse,soil and water loss is serious,rainfall is concentrated,which often causes mountain torrents and carries a large amount of silt into the lower reaches of the reservoir,as a result,the Huaitoutala reservoir was silted up seriously,which affected the service life and safety of the reservoir.The comprehensive regulation project of Balegeng River is designed to reduce the sediment entering the reservoir,reduce the flood control pressure of the reservoir and extend the service life of the reservoir.The base level of erosion can be raised by installing sand-retaining Dam and valley workshop in the Gully,and the slope of erosion can be stabilized by installing bank revetment in the gully,which can effectively reduce the collapse of the riverbank and prevent the occurrence of mountain flood.Effectively control soil and water loss,improve water conservation capacity,improve the Balegeng river ecological environment,to achieve a virtuous circle of the ecological environment,fundamentally stop the deterioration of the ecological environment caused by a large number of sediment into the reservoir area.The works will be arranged as follows:(1)design of flood diversion dam: the Flood Diversion Dam is located in the lower reaches of the Balegeng River,which is 1 km downstream of the diversion project of Huaitoutala reservoir.From left to right,the flood diversion dam consists of flood diversion gate,Sand Flushing Gate,overflow dam and non-overflow dam.(2)design of Flood Diversion Channel: After the flood diversion gate,build the flood diversion channel,the head of the flood diversion channel is connected with the stilling basin of the flood diversion gate.The flood diversion channel is 5.6 km long.(3)water diversion wall design: The water diversion wall uses the solid shore stone cage retaining wall structure,stagger stage layout.The horizontal bottom protection is arranged in front of the diversion wall,and the sand and gravel are backfilled behind the diversion wall.Two sides of the culvert inlet and outlet are protected,and a 50 m long stone cage structure is adopted.A connecting canal is built between the two main highways.(4)design of sand-retaining dams: 7 Dams were built in Balegeng river and its branch ditches.One bar is placed in the middle and upper reaches of the main channel of Balegeng River,and six bars are placed in the tributaries of Balegeng River.The sand-retaining Dam is built with fixed shore Gabion,the downstream of the dam body is built with stilling basin and Apron,and the stilling basin and Apron are built with fixed shore Gabion.In order to protect the bank slope in front of the sand-retaining Dam,it is necessary to adopt the solidshore gabion slope protection or the C20 concrete slope protection with the thickness of10 cm.The downstream banks of the non-overflow section are protected according to the actual topography.(5)design of Gufang: The Flood Control Standard of Gufang is designed according to the maximum rainstorm of 3 ～ 6 hours every 10 years and the short-term and high-intensity rainfall which is most easy to produce serious soil and water loss.This time in the Balegeng River on both sides of the seven branch ditch in the layout of 35 Valley Square.(6)design of bank slope protection.It is 4.3 km long to build a protective dike close to the original diversion culvert.The revetment structure is slope type,the foundation is fixed shore Gabion,the foundation depth is 2M,the revetment is 40 cm thick fixed shore Gabion,the height is 1m,the slope ratio is1:2.(7)culvert protection design.The bank protection is built on the west side of the original diversion culvert and the length is 4.3 km.The bank revetment is built with a stone cage,the foundation is built with 1 m 1 m stone cage,and the slope is built with a stone cage 40 cm thick.更多还原