哈尔滨市生态宜居乡村建设的居民满意度研究

【作者】 张玉；

【导师】 卞纪兰； 张学勇；

【作者基本信息】 黑龙江八一农垦大学 ， 农业硕士（农业管理）（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 推进生态文明建设是近年来我国的工作重心,是实现经济可持续发展的关键。随着乡村振兴战略的提出,生态宜居成为乡村治理和发展的关键,各地也开始积极响应并加快推进生态宜居乡村建设工作。哈尔滨市作为黑龙江省省会城市,在人居环境整治、生态环境保护、乡村污染防治等方面上取得较大成效,一定程度上改善了乡村的生产、生活条件,但也随之暴露出一些问题,乡村人居环境适宜性缺乏对产业和人口的吸引力,乡村建设缺乏内在动力。同时,居民的评价能够更为直接的展示出生态宜居乡村建设成效,探究乡村居民对生态宜居建设的满意程度,识别出在生态宜居乡村建设中满意度的显性因素,使居民评价结果正确引导乡村建设实践具有现实意义。首先,本文梳理了国内外关于生态宜居乡村、人居环境满意度、乡村振兴战略的相关文献,为本文构建理论框架。其次,结合统计年鉴及实地调研的数据,了解居民对哈尔滨市生态宜居乡村建设不满意的主要方面包括:交通工具数量不足、“厕所革命”完成率低、医疗费用高、子女教育支出高、文化体育设施不完善等问题。然后,通过整理问卷调查的数据,选取居民基本特征、乡村基础设施、乡村人口就业、乡村文化教育、乡村医疗养老、乡村环境治理六个维度中的16个影响因素,选择多元有序Logistic模型实证分析,找出影响居民对生态宜居乡村建设满意度的显著性因素。研究结果显示,道路施工质量、交通工具数量、文化教育质量、垃圾处理情况、厕所改造情况是影响居民对生态宜居乡村建设满意度的重要因素。基于上述的研究结论,本文提出提升哈尔滨市生态宜居乡村建设居民满意度的对策:补齐生态宜居乡村建设短板及弱项,加大乡村文化教育事业建设力度,加快完善乡村公共基础设施,解决乡村环境治理突出短板,加大乡村医疗养老支持力度;完善生态宜居乡村建设制度体系,制定生态宜居乡村相关规章制度,建立健全生态宜居乡村长效监管机制;充分调动社会力量参与生态宜居乡村建设,激发村民参与热情,统筹社会资源投入资金支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 Promoting the construction of ecological civilization has been the focus of our country’s work in recent years and is the key to achieving sustainable economic development.With the proposal of the rural revitalization strategy,ecological livability has become the key to rural governance and development,and various localities have also begun to actively respond and accelerate the construction of ecological livable villages.As the capital city of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin has achieved great results in the improvement of human settlements,ecological environmental protection,and rural pollution prevention.To a certain extent,it has improved the production and living conditions in the countryside,but it also exposed some problems.The suitability of rural human settlements lacks attractiveness to industries and population,and rural construction lacks inherent motivation.At the same time,the evaluation of residents can directly reflect the effectiveness of the construction of ecologically livable villages,study the satisfaction of rural residents with the construction of ecologically livable villages,and find out the key factors affecting residents’ satisfaction with the construction of ecologically livable villages,so as to make the residents’ evaluation results Correctly guiding the practice of rural construction has practical significance.First of all,this article combs the domestic and foreign related literature on ecologically livable villages,human settlement satisfaction,and rural revitalization strategies to construct a theoretical framework for this article.Secondly,combined with the statistical yearbook and field survey data,it is understood that the main aspects of residents who are dissatisfied with the construction of ecologically livable villages in Harbin include: insufficient transportation equipment,low completion rate of the "toilet revolution",high medical expenses,and high children’s education expenditures,Cultural and sports facilities are not perfect and other issues.Then,by collating the data of the questionnaire survey,selecting 16 influencing factors among the six dimensions of basic residents’ characteristics,rural infrastructure,rural population employment,rural culture and education,rural medical care and old-age care,and rural environmental protection,and choosing a multivariate ordered Logistic model to empirically Analyze and find out the significant factors that affect residents’ satisfaction with the construction of ecologically livable villages.The research results show that the quality of road construction,the number of vehicles,the quality of culture and education,garbage disposal,and toilet renovation are important factors that affect residents’ satisfaction with the construction of ecologically livable villages.Based on the above research conclusions,this article proposes countermeasures to improve the satisfaction of residents in the construction of ecologically livable villages in Harbin: to make up for the shortcomings and weaknesses of ecologically livable villages,strengthen the construction of rural culture and education,and accelerate the improvement of rural public infrastructure.Solve the outstanding shortcomings of rural environmental protection;improve the ecological and livable village construction system,formulate relevant laws,regulations and rules,and establish and improve a long-term monitoring mechanism for rural ecological livability;fully mobilize social forces to participate in the construction of ecological and livable villages,and stimulate villagers to participate Enthusiasm,co-ordinate social resources to invest in financial support.更多还原