【作者】 王翠平；

【导师】 张旭如；

【作者基本信息】 山西师范大学 ， 教育硕士（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 教学策略是教师课堂教学的重要组成部分之一,也是课堂教学的一个必备前提与基础。在中学地理学习阶段,选择较好的教学策略对培养学生地理空间能力起到至关重要的作用。而地理空间能力是中学阶段非常重要的能力之一,是地理学科能力中的重要组成要素之一,其培养是地理学科教学教学的根本任务,而普遍来讲高中生的地理空间能力水平较低。目前国内外学者对地理空间能力的研究较多,但是基于地理空间能力培养的教学策略研究少之又少,这对于提高教师的教学水平有一定的限制。本文将基于新课程标准对地理空间能力培养的要求以及学生发展现状,针对性地提出相关培养地理空间能力的教学策略,并在此基础上进行具体的案例分析与教学设计,旨在通过合理、高效的地理教学来提高学生的地理空间能力,进而提高学生的地理成绩,同时不断提高教师的教学水平与效率,最终达到丰富地理教学理论的目的。在本文中,笔者运用文献研究法、问卷法、访谈法、统计分析法、案例分析法等多种方法对地理空间能力现状及教学设计进行调查与研究。首先,笔者通过阅读大量文献,明确了此文研究的背景及意义,并在一定理论的基础上,对地理空间能力的内涵及分类进行了概括,对地理教学策略的选择与方法、地理教学设计有了大体的一个了解。其次,通过问卷法和访谈法,分别对我校学生和教师进行了调查,发现学生们的地理空间能力整体水平较低,并且教师在教学过程中很少将地理空间能力与授课内容相结合并给予一定的重视,了解学生的地理空间能力水平现状及教师对这一能力的理解及关于此能力的教学现状,分析其存在的问题。最后,基于以上分析提出关于地理空间能力培养的教学策略,并在前文策略的基础上进行简略的教学设计。通过调查发现学生的地理空间能力处于较低水平,而影响学生地理空间能力水平高低的因素除了学生地理知识储备不足外,还存在地理教师在教学中并不重视地理空间能力的培养的问题,教师的指导和示范作用、引导作用并不明显,因此在教学过程中加强对学生地理空间能力的培养尤为重要,而有针对性的教学策略、教学设计在其培养中必不可少。因此,希望通过本文的研究能帮助学生提高其地理空间能力,同时也希望能对教室的教学起到一个帮助性的作用。此外,本文的创新之处首先在于通过对地理课程标准及地理教材的研析将地理空间能力上升到一个理论高度,加深师生对地理空间能力这一教学目标要求的理解。其次,本文将地理教学策略、地理空间能力相结合,通过问卷调查及平时学习过程中遇到的问题,深入探究学生对地理空间能力的认识及其水平的高低,并在此基础上对地理教学进行优化来提高学生的地理空间能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Teaching strategy is one of the important parts of teacher’s classroom teaching,and it is also a necessary premise and foundation of classroom teaching.In the middle school geography learning stage,choosing better teaching strategies plays an important role in cultivating students’ geospatial ability.Geospatial ability is one of the most important abilities in middle school.It is one of the most important components of geography ability.At present,scholars at home and abroad have more research on geospatial ability,but there are few researches on teaching strategies based on geospatial ability training There are certain restrictions on improving the teaching level of teachers.Based on the requirements of the new curriculum standards for the cultivation of geospatial ability and the current situation of students’ development,this paper puts forward relevant teaching strategies for the cultivation of geospatial ability,and on this basis carries out specific case analysis and teaching design,aiming at improving students’ geospatial ability through rational and efficient geography teaching,and then improving students’ geographical achievement,while constantly improving teachers’ teaching level and efficiency,and finally achieving the purpose of enriching geography teaching theory.In this paper,the author uses the methods of literature research,questionnaire,interview,statistical analysis,case analysis to investigate and study the current situation of geospatial ability and teaching design.First of all,through reading a lot of literature,the author clarifies the background and significance of this study,and on the basis of certain theories,summarizes the connotation and classification of geospatial ability,and has a general understanding of the choice and method of geography teaching strategy and geography teaching design.Secondly,through the questionnaire method and interview method,the students and teachers of our school were investigated,and found that the overall level of students’ geospatial ability is low,and In the course of teaching,teachers seldom combine geospatial ability with teaching content and give some attention to it,understand the current situation of students’ geospatial ability level and teachers’ understanding of this ability and the teaching situation of this ability,and analyze the existing problems.Finally,based on the above analysis,the author puts forward some teaching strategies on the cultivation of geospatial ability,and carries on the brief teaching design on the basis of the previous strategies.Through the investigation,it is found that the students’ geospatial ability is at a low level,and the factors affecting the students’ geospatial ability level come out that the students’ geographical knowledge reserve is insufficient,and there are problems that geography teachers do not attach importance to the cultivation of geospatial ability in teaching.Therefore,it is hoped that the research in this paper can help students improve their geospatial ability,but also hope to play a helpful role in classroom teaching.In addition,the innovation of this paper is to raise the geospatial ability to a theoretical level through the study of geography curriculum standards and geography teaching materials,so as to deepen the understanding of teachers and students on the teaching goal of geospatial ability.Secondly,this paper combines the geography teaching strategy and the geospatial ability,through the questionnaire survey and the problems encountered in the normal learning process,deeply explores the students’ understanding of the geospatial ability and its level,and on this basis optimizes the geography teaching to improve the students’ geospatial ability.更多还原