【作者】 刘阳；

【导师】 刘昌明；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 国际政治， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 海上通道是海上航行的重要通道。中国能源进口和经贸活动能否顺利进行,很大程度上取决于海上运输是否顺畅,所以海上通道的安全关乎我国重大国家利益。东南亚地区是我国海上丝绸之路建设必经的重要区域,但是由于东南亚海域沿岸安全形势环境复杂,该地区海上通道存在安全威胁。东南亚海上通道既面临传统安全威胁,又面临非传统安全威胁,传统安全威胁主要包括海上领土争端和海上划界问题,非传统安全因素主要包括海盗以及海上恐怖主义等,这些因素都给海上通道的安全带来了负面影响。由于东南亚海上安全形势的复杂性、东盟国家在海上安全治理议题方面的分歧以及东盟国家的经济军事实力的限制,仅凭一个国家的海上军事力量无法有效解决海上通道面临的安全威胁,东盟国家对东南亚海域海上通道一系列安全治理收效甚微。在此背景下,中国与东盟加强区域安全合作,共同对东南亚海域海上通道安全进行治理,与双方的共同的国家利益相一致,既可以帮助中国海上丝绸之路的建设,也有利于为东盟国家创造一个稳定安全的外部环境实现国内经济的发展。本文基于区域安全合作治理的视角来研究中国与东盟国家海上通道安全治理,通过梳理中国与东盟国家海上通道安全治理的现状和中国与东盟国家进一步深化海上通道安全治理的困境,对中国与东盟国家在未来海上通道安全治理提出相关的建议措施。中国与东盟国家海上通道安全治理的现状主要分析治理的理念、主体、议题和机制。在安全治理理念方面,双方安全观各异,相互依存理念缺失,中国在治理过程中坚持总体安全观,而东盟国家则在合作中以自身安全观为主;在安全治理主体方面,双方海上通道安全治理以东盟为平台,以政府为主导;在安全治理议题方面,侧重非传统安全,兼顾传统安全;在安全治理机制方面,双多边治理并行。双方认知错位与战略互信不足,大国的权力竞争与博弈通过拉拢东盟来牵制中国,中国与东盟国家海上通道安全治理机制沟通渠道不畅,制度化程度较弱以及在治理过程中,部分东盟国家仍旧坚持传统安全观念,相互依存理念缺乏等是中国与东盟国家安全治理难以继续深入的重要原因。针对上述问题,本文认为可以通过增强双方战略互信,强化共同体理念,妥善处理与东盟及相关大国的关系,深化航道治理领域,实现机制协调以及改变传统安全观,打造共赢新局面等途径来加以改善和克服。通过探讨分析中国与东盟国家海上通道安全治理,有助于了解中国与东盟国家海上通道安全治理的现状,为进一步推动双方的安全治理领域的深化合作提供建议,同时也有利于妥善处理双方之间存在的矛盾与分歧,摒弃不利于合作深化的冷战思维,持续稳定推进海上丝绸之路建设,加强互信与合作,朝着继续深化中国与东盟海上通道安全治理迈进。更多还原

【Abstract】 The maritime thoroughfare is an important route for maritime navigation.China’s energy resources import and economic and trade activities are heavily dependent on sea transportation,so the safety of Maritime thoroughfare is related to China’s major national interests.Southeast Asia is an important area for the construction of China’s Maritime Silk Road.However,due to the complex security situation and environment along the sea area in Southeast Asia,there are many security threats to the maritime thoroughfare in this area.Southeast Asian sea lanes are facing both traditional and non-traditional security threats.Traditional security threats mainly include maritime territorial disputes and maritime delimitation,while non-traditional security threats mainly include piracy and maritime terrorism,which have a negative impact on the safety belts of sea lanes.Due to the complexity of maritime security situation in Southeast Asia,the differences in maritime security governance issues among ASEAN countries,and the limitation of economic and military strength of ASEAN countries,the maritime military strength of one country alone cannot effectively solve the security threats faced by maritime passages,and a series of security governance of maritime passages in Southeast Asia sea area by ASEAN countries have achieved little results.Under such circumstances,it is in the common interest of both sides to strengthen regional security cooperation and jointly manage the safety of maritime passages in Southeast Asia,which is conducive to the construction of China’s Maritime Silk Road in the 21st century and to creating a stable and safe external environment for ASEAN countries to achieve domestic economic development.Based on the perspective of regional security cooperation,this paper studies the safety governance of China and ASEAN countries maritime thoroughfare.By combing the current situation of China and ASEAN countries maritime thoroughfare safety governance and the dilemma of further deepening the safety governance of China and ASEAN countries maritime thoroughfare,it puts forward relevant suggestions and measures for China and ASEAN countries maritime thoroughfare safety governance in the future.The current situation of China and ASEAN countries maritime thoroughfare safety governance mainly analyzes the concept,subject,issues and mechanism of governance.In terms of security governance concepts,the two sides have different security concepts,and the concept of interdependence is missing.China adheres to the overall security concept in the process of governance,while ASEAN countries focus on their own security concept in cooperation;In terms of the main body of safety governance,the safety governance of maritime thoroughfares between the two sides takes ASEAN as the platform and the government as the leading factor;In terms of security governance issues,focus on non-traditional security and take into account traditional security;In terms of security governance mechanism,bilateral and multilateral governance is parallel.The cognitive misplacement and lack of strategic mutual trust between the two sides,the power competition and game of big countries to restrain China by wooing ASEAN,and the escalation of contradictions in the South China Sea issue are the important reasons why China and ASEAN countries security governance is difficult to further deepen.In view of the above problems,this paper thinks that it can be improved and overcome by enhancing the strategic mutual trust between the two sides,strengthening the concept of community,properly handling the relationship with ASEAN and related big countries,deepening the field of waterway governance,realizing mechanism coordination,changing the traditional security concept,and creating a new win-win situation.By discussing and analyzing the safety governance of China and ASEAN countries maritime thoroughfare,it is helpful to understand the current situation of China and ASEAN countries maritime thoroughfare safety governance and provide suggestions for further promoting the deepening cooperation in the field of safety governance.It is also conducive to properly handling the contradictions and differences between the two sides,abandoning the Cold War mentality,strengthening the construction of China-ASEAN community with a shared future and the promotion of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative,strengthening mutual trust and cooperation,and further promoting the further development of China and ASEAN countries maritime thoroughfare safety governance.更多还原