【作者】 刘萍；

【导师】 栾晓嵘；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 护理（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 研究目的本研究以供给侧结构性改革理论为依据,充分调研护理硕士专业学位(Master of Nursing Specialist,MNS)研究生的能力培养需求,并结合内容分析法和Delphi专家函询法构建供给侧视角下全日制MNS研究生培养方案,旨在为培养适应新时代发展需求的高水平护理人才提供借鉴。研究方法系统检索我国MNS研究生培养方案相关文献,运用美国约翰霍普金斯循证护理实践(Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-based practice,JHNEBP)模型中的科研证据评价工具和非科研证据评价工具进行文献质量评价,采用内容分析法对质量评价等级为A的文献进行内容分析,得出现有培养方案的要素及内容,为本培养方案的构建提供内容来源。采用目的抽样和滚雪球抽样的方法,选取14名从事临床护理工作3年内的MNS毕业生和8名经验丰富的护理管理者进行半结构式深度访谈,使用Colaizzi七步分析法分析访谈资料,明晰“需求二元体”视角下MNS研究生的能力培养需求,为本培养方案的构建提供能力需求指导。综合文献内容分析和质性研究的结果形成本研究培养方案初稿。采用Delphi专家函询法对24名专家进行两轮函询,使用优序图法确定各种能力的权重,形成最终版供给侧视角下全日制MNS研究生培养方案。结果1.共纳入42篇文献进行内容分析,提取出MNS研究生培养方案的4个要素及内容包括:培养目标(10个主题,40项内容)、课程设置(29种课程)、临床实践(4个主题,30项内容)、考核评价(8个主题,31项内容)。2.通过对14名MNS毕业生和8名护理管理者进行深度访谈,得到MNS研究生2个层面8种需求能力,基本需求层面:专业实践能力、护理科研能力、教育指导能力、护理管理能力、软技能;发展需求层面:学科领导力、国际交流与合作能力、创新实践能力。3.共有24名专家完成了两轮Delphi专家函询,专家的积极程度较高(两轮函询问卷的回收率分别为85.71%和100%,两轮函询提出意见的专家比例分别为79.17%和33.33%),权威性较好(Cr=0.88),协调程度较好(两轮函询的和谐系数分别为0.160和0.201);经过两轮专家函询最终确立的培养方案,包括培养目标、培养方式、课程设置、临床实践内容与要求、考核评价五个部分共236项内容。4.应用优序图法确定2个层面9种能力的权重。9种能力的组合权重由高到低依次为专业实践能力(0.1101)、护理科研能力(0.0843)、教育指导能力(0.0615)、护理管理能力(0.0584)、基本非技术技能力(0.0577)、创新实践能力(0.0559)、护理领导力(0.0380)、职业规划能力(0.0380)、国际交流与合作能力(0.0202)。结论1.本研究确定了 MNS研究生的能力培养需求,包含基本需求和发展需求2个层面9种能力,为本研究中培养方案的制定提供了依据,可为今后MNS研究生能力培养相关研究提供借鉴。2.本研究构建了供给侧视角下全日制MNS研究生培养方案,包括培养目标、培养方式、课程设置、临床实践内容与要求、考核评价五个部分共236项内容。研究方法科学严谨,研究内容贴近现实需求,研究结果合理可靠,以期为我国改进MNS研究生培养方案,提高MNS研究生培养质量提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 ObjectivesThis study is based on the theory of supply-side structural reform.The qualitative research method was used to fully investigate the ability training needs of master of nursing specialist(MNS)postgraduates.Combined with content analysis method and Delphi expert correspondence method,the training program of full-time MNS postgraduates from the perspective of supply side was constructed,aiming to provide reference for the cultivation of high-level nursing talents suitable for the development needs of the new era.MethodsWe systematically searched the literature related to the training program for MNS postgraduates in China and used research evidence evaluation tools and non-research evidence evaluation tools in JHNEBP model for literature quality evaluation.Using content analysis method analyzed the literature with quality evaluation grade A to obtain the elements and contents of the existing training program,which provided the content source for the training program in this study.By purposive sampling and snowball sampling method,we selected fourteen MNS graduates who had been engaged in clinical nursing work within 3 years and 8 experienced nursing managers to conduct semi-structured in-depth interviews.Colaizzi’s seven-step analysis method was used to analyze the interview data.Through this method,the ability training needs of MNS postgraduate from the perspective of "demand binary" was clarified,which provided guidance for the construction of the training program in this study.Based on the results of literature content analysis and qualitative research,we got the first draft of this training program.The Delphi method was used to conduct two rounds of letter consultation among 24 experts,and the precedence chart method was used to determine the weight of each ability,so as to form the final version of the training program of full-time MNS postgraduate from the perspective of supply side.Findings1.A total of 42 literatures were included for content analysis,and four elements of MNS postgraduate training program were extracted,including training objectives(40 items in 10 aspects),curriculum setting(29 courses),clinical practice(30 items in 4 aspects),assessment and evaluation(31 items in 8 aspects).2.Through in-depth interviews with 14 MNS graduates engaged in clinical nursing work and 8 nursing managers,a total of 8 ability training needs at two levels of MNS postgraduates were obtained,the basic level:professional practice ability,nursing scientific research ability,education and guidance ability,nursing management ability and soft skills;the development level:discipline leadership,international exchange and cooperation ability and innovation and practice ability.3.A total of 24 experts completed 2 rounds of Delphi consultation.The experts’positive degree was high(the recovery rate of the two rounds of correspondence was 85.71%and 100%,and the proportion of experts giving advice in two rounds of correspondence was 79.17%and 33.33,respectively),the authority was good(CR=0.88)and the degree of coordination is good(the harmony coefficient of the two rounds of correspondence is 0.160 and 0.201 respectively).The training program was finally established after two rounds of expert letter consultation,including 236 items in five parts:training objectives,training methods,curriculum setting,contents and requirements of clinical practice training,assessment and evaluation.4.The weights of nine abilities in two levels were determined by using the method of precedence chart.The combination weight of the nine ability from high to low in turns to professional practice ability(0.1101),nursing scientific research ability(0.0843),education guidance ability(0.0615),nursing management ability(0.0584),basic non-technical skills(0.0577),innovation practice ability(0.0559),nursing leadership(0.0380),career planning ability(0.0380),international exchanges and cooperation ability(0.0202).Conclusions1.In this study,the requirements for MNS postgraduates’ ability cultivation were determined,including 9 abilities from two levels of basic needs and development needs,which provided a basis for the formulation of the training program in this study and reference for future studies on MNS postgraduates’ ability cultivation.2.This study constructed the training program of full-time MNS postgraduate from the perspective of supply side,includes 236 items in five parts:training objectives,training methods,curriculum setting,contents and requirements of clinical practice training,assessment and evaluation.The study method is scientific and rigorous,the study content is close to the realistic demand,and the study result is reasonable and reliable,which can provide reference for improving the MNS postgraduate training program and improving the quality of MNS postgraduate training in our country.更多还原