【作者】 李健；

【导师】 韩丽华；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 公共管理（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国经济的飞速发展,人民的生活水平有了质的提升,逐渐增加的收入和储蓄使得消费能力也有了显著增强,加之对于中国传统居住文化的认同感,房地产行业成为市场经济中重要的交易行为。由于房地产市场的高昂利润和区域的供需不平衡,使得各利益群体趋之若鹜,通过各种手段变相抬升了房价,造成了市场恐慌,严重破坏了房地产市场的秩序。正是在这一背景下,国家层面和各地方陆续出台房地产限购政策。房地产限购政策主要是为了解决市场失灵问题而采取的政府干预措施,是政府干预市场的直接体现,房地产市场有着信息严重不对称的客观事实,房地产开发商对涉及房地产各环节的内容有着明显的信息优势,其替代性较差、资源的相对稀缺,使得房地产市场无法像常规市场通过调节达到供需平衡,政府干预手段非常必要。房地产限购政策作为一种公共政策,其实施过程主要包括政策制定、政策执行和政策评估三部分,其中公共政策的执行研究是政策实施过程中最重要的环节,政策的实施效果必须依靠科学有效、行动有力的执行方可显现,对公共政策执行环节的分析也就成为了公共政策研究领域的重要方向。本文着眼于房地产限购政策执行环节,通过对相关概念进行梳理和界定,以史密斯模型为分析工具和视角,结合对市场失灵理论和利益相关者理论的运用,介绍了青岛市2018年4月18日发布的房地产限购政策的基本情况,在对该限购政策进行内容梳理及政策执行现状分析的基础上,发现了在政策执行过程中出现的问题,主要包括:政策内容有歧义、发布时间失误;执行过程混乱、各部门权属不清;开发商和行业相关机构变相抵触;市场倾向性明显、执行环境阻力较大等四个方面的问题。并通过对上述问题的进一步分析,得出产生政策执行问题的原因,即:限购政策自身不完善;政策执行机构有执行短板;利益群体影响执行效果;政策执行环境影响执行推进等原因。结合分析与青岛市经济水平相当、城市发展进程相似的杭州市、厦门市和郑州市的限购政策实施过程和实施效果,探究出青岛市关于对房地产限购政策执行环节的优化完善对策:首先,完善房地产限购政策执行体系,包括细化政策执行内容、完善政策执行配套措施和动态调整政策执行进程;其次,提高政策执行机构和人员执行能力,包括提升执行机构和人员的整体素质、引入执行考核和问责机制、加强内部监督和外部监督等;再次,引导利益群体发挥积极作用,提升利益群体对政策制定和执行的参与度,针对不同利益群体分类施策和调动利益群体优势资源;最后,完善相关的法律法规,规范房地产市场的交易秩序;打造信用体系和政策执行信息传播机制等。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of national economy and society and the improvement of people’s living standard,the purchasing power of people’s market has also increased significantly,and the identity of Chinese traditional residence culture has made the real estate industry become an important transaction behavior in the market economy.Because of the high profits in the real estate market and the imbalance between supply and demand in the region,all interest groups are flocking,which promotes the rise of house prices in disguised form through various ways,and seriously disturbs the order of the real estate market.It is in this context that the national level and local real estate purchase restrictions have been introduced in succession.Real estate purchase restriction policy is mainly a government intervention to solve the problem of market failure,which is a direct embodiment of government intervention in the market.There is serious information asymmetry in the real estate market.Real estate developers have obvious information advantages over the contents involved in all aspects of real estate.At the same time,as a kind of public policy,the implementation process of real estate purchase restriction policy mainly includes three parts:policy formulation,policy implementation and policy evaluation,among which the research on the implementation of public policy is the most important link in the process of policy implementation.This paper focuses on the implementation of real estate purchase restriction policy,through combing and defining the relevant concepts,taking Smith model as the analysis tool and perspective,combining the application of market failure theory and stakeholder theory,This paper introduces the basic situation of the real estate purchase restriction policy issued on April 18,2018 in Qingdao.And further analysis of the reasons that affect the implementation of the policy,namely:The purchase restriction policy itself is not perfect;the policy implementation agency has implementation shortcomings;interest groups affect the implementation effect;the implementation of the policy affects the implementation of the environment.Based on the analysis of the implementation process and effect of limited purchase policy in Hangzhou,Xiamen and Zhengzhou,which are similar to Qingdao’s economic level and urban development process,this paper explores the countermeasures of optimizing and perfecting the implementation link of real estate purchase restriction policy in Qingdao:first,improving the implementation system of real estate purchase restriction policy,including refining policy implementation content,improving policy implementation measures and dynamic adjustment policy implementation process;second,improving the overall quality of policy enforcement agencies and personnel,introducing enforcement assessment and accountability mechanism,strengthening internal supervision and external supervision;Thirdly,we should guide interest groups to play an active role,enhance their participation in policy formulation and implementation,classify strategies for different interest groups and mobilize superior resources for interest groups;finally,optimize the environment for policy implementation,improve laws and regulations,standardize the order of the real estate market,and establish a unified credit system and a mechanism for information dissemination of policy implementation.更多还原