【作者】 张媛；

【导师】 杨同军；

【作者基本信息】 西北师范大学 ， 汉语国际教育（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 在非洲乃至全球“汉语热”的大背景下,世界最不发达国家之一的马拉维汉语教学也在最近的四年,实现了从无到有,从小到大,从少到多的快速的发展。且随着中马经济联系的日益密切和合作关系的进一步加深,在马中企对本土会汉语的人才需求也日益强烈,尤其是理工类的人才更为短缺。但是由于马拉维大学孔子学院成立较晚,马拉维的大学专业偏向于人文和经济,汉语人才就业信息平台缺乏等多方面原因,目前马拉维本土汉语人才的就业情况不容乐观,同时中企也面临着人才招聘困难和应聘者专业不对口等问题。本文以调查问卷和访谈的形式,分别对马拉维大学大臣学院、马拉维科技大学、马拉维大洋大学、马拉维管理学院的大学生,马拉维大学孔子学院的成人学生以及部分到中国留学归国的留学生进行了就业情况问卷调查和访谈,并对在马的中企和孔院也展开了访谈。问卷调查和访谈涉及到学生们的就业情况、中企的人才需求及孔院的汉语教学和学生就业问题的关注行动等。其中调查问卷几乎涉及到马拉维90%的高校,访谈的企业中国企达到95%,私企70%,其中私企行业覆盖率在80%以上,华为、传音、金孔雀酒店、格兰德产业园区等著名的私企都在内。调查的问题涉及到学生们学习汉语的原因、目的、学习态度、就业方向、目的、规划、对中企及中企人才需求的了解程度等。并确定已就业的汉语人才原型,进行重点访谈,详细的了解就业学生的学习过程和就业情况,在大数据分析的情况下,又填补了细节性和人文性的内容,使得调查结果和影响因素分析更为全面细致。针对问卷调查的结果及其影响因素的分析,归纳出八条影响马拉维汉语人才就业的因素,并从汉语学习者、孔院、中企、马拉维政府部门和教育部四个方面,给出相应的可行性建议。最终,期待今后在各方的努力下,能够搭建出有效的马拉维汉语人才就业平台,以期促进马拉维汉语人才的就业、中企企业的属地化发展以及马拉维大学孔院的汉语教学和人才培养。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the context of "Chinese fever" in Africa and even the whole world,Chinese teaching in Malawi,one of the least developed countries in the world,has achieved rapid development from scratch,from small to large,from little to more in the last four years.In addition,with the increasingly close economic ties between China and Malaysia and the further deepening of the cooperative relationship,the demand of Chinese enterprises in Malaysia for talents who can speak Chinese is increasingly strong,especially the shortage of science and technology talents in the demand of Chinese enterprises.However,due to the late establishment of the Confucius institute at the university of Malawi,the preference of university majors in humanities and economy,and the lack of information platform for employment of Chinese talents,the employment situation of native Chinese talents in Malawi is not optimistic,and Chinese enterprises are also facing recruitment difficulties and professional mismatch.In the form of questionnaires and interviews,this paper respectively secretary to Malawi university college,university of science and technology in Malawi,Malawi,Malawi ocean university school of management of college students,students and society to the part of the Confucius institute at the university of Malawi managed to study in China,the employment situation and retrospective interview and questionnaire,and the horse in SBC and hole also launched an interview.The questionnaire survey and interview related to students’ employment situation,the talent demand of Chinese enterprises,Chinese language teaching of Confucius institute and students’ employment concerns.Nearly 90% of Malawi’s universities were covered by the questionnaire,and 95% of the interviewed enterprises were Chinese state-owned enterprises and 70% were private enterprises.Among them,the coverage rate of private enterprises was over 80,including famous private enterprises such as HUAWEI,TECNO,Golden peacock hotel and GRAND industrial park.The survey questions related to students’ reasons for learning Chinese,purpose,learning attitude,employment direction,purpose,planning,and understanding of talent needs of Chinese enterprises and Chinese enterprises.In addition,the prototype of employed Chinese talents was determined,and retrospective interviews were conducted to get a detailed understanding of the learning process and employment situation of employed students.In the case of big data,more detailed contents were filled.Make the final investigation result and influence factor analysis more comprehensive.In the light of the results of questionnaire survey and the analysis of its,finally summarized eight factors affecting Malawi Chinese talent employment,and from Chinese language learners,the hole,SBC,Malawi government department and the ministry of education from four aspects,and gives the corresponding Suggestions and look forward to in the future through the efforts of the parties,to set up an effective platform for the Malawi Chinese talent employment,and cooperate with the other way,promote the employment of Chinese people in Malawi,founded the localized development of the enterprise,and at the university of Malawi hole of Chinese teaching and talent training.更多还原