【作者】 刘伟；

【导师】 张荣标；

【作者基本信息】 江苏大学 ， 控制工程， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 随着工业的发展以及生产自动化的逐步实现,永磁同步电机已被广泛应用到工业控制、电动汽车、航天航空等领域。由于工况恶劣、线圈老化以及长时间运行,电机会发生各种故障。一旦电机发生故障,轻则电机停转,严重可能产生链式反应导致系统瘫痪。因此,研究电机故障检测与诊断技术具有重要意义。电机的故障检测与诊断技术研究依赖于故障诊断平台,然而现有的故障诊断平台普遍存在采样频率低、获取电机参数信号有限、诊断率低等问题。针对现有平台的不足,设计的永磁同步电机故障诊断平台解决了获取电机参数信号有限、采样频率低的问题,提出的匝间短路故障检测与诊断方法提高了故障诊断率。主要研究内容如下:(1)对现有故障诊断平台存在的问题进行分析,采取了相应的优化措施,并综合对比现有匝间短路故障诊断方法的优缺点,提出基于小波包能量熵和能量谱的故障检测与诊断方法;(2)对永磁同步电机故障诊断平台进行需求分析,在需求分析的基础上提出故障诊断平台的总体设计方案;(3)深入研究电机矢量控制技术。根据坐标变换建立数学模型,分析了电机矢量控制原理,并建立Simulink电机矢量控制仿真模型,通过仿真分析了控制效果,对电机驱动控制方案可行性进行验证;(4)对故障诊断平台软硬件进行设计与实现。根据平台硬件框图进行了硬件电路设计与实现,完成了故障诊断平台的搭建工作,并对平台的电机驱动控制系统、双CPU数据采集模块、故障诊断终端三大部分进行软件设计与编程。(5)对永磁同步电机定子绕组匝间短路故障检测技术进行研究。建立了ANSYS Maxwell匝间短路仿真模型,进行了不同故障程度的匝间短路故障仿真与仿真结果分析,并基于振动信号和电流信号完成了电机匝间短路故障检测与诊断。仿真与实验表明,设计的永磁同步电机故障诊断平台电机调速性能良好,定子绕组匝间短路故障模拟操作简单,安全性高,设计的双CPU数据采集模块能够获取多种电机参数信号,提出的匝间短路故障检测与诊断方法达到了预期效果,并且诊断率高。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of industry and the gradual realization of production automation,permanent magnet synchronous motors have been widely used in industrial control,electric vehicles,aerospace and other fields.Due to poor working conditions,aging coils and long-term operation,the motors will be accompanied by various malfunction problems.Once the motor fails,the motor will stop or even a chain reaction may occur leading to system paralysis.Therefore,research on motor fault detection and diagnosis technology is of great significance.The motor fault detection and diagnosis technology research depends on the fault diagnosis platform.However,the existing fault diagnosis platforms generally have the problems of low sampling frequency,limited motor parameter signals and low diagnosis rate.In view of the shortcomings of the existing platform,the designed permanent magnet synchronous motor fault diagnosis platform solved the problems of limited motor signal acquisition and low sampling frequency.And a fault detection and diagnosis method of inter-turn short circuit faults was proposed to increase the fault diagnosis rate.The main research contents are as follows:(1)Taking optimization measures by analyzing the problems on the existing fault diagnosis platform,and proposing a fault detection and diagnosis method based on wavelet packet energy entropy and energy spectrum after comprehensively comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the existing inter-turn short circuit fault diagnosis method;(2)Conducting a demand analysis of permanent magnet synchronous motor fault diagnosis platform,and proposing a overall design proposal of fault diagnosis platform based on the demand analysis;(3)An in-depth study of the vector control technology of motor.Based on the coordinate transformation,the motor was mathematically modeled.The vector control principle of motor was also analyzed.And Simulink motor vector control simulation model was established,where the control effect was analyzed through the simulation result and the feasibility of the motor drive control proposal was verified;(4)Design and implementation of fault diagnosis platform software and hardware.The construction of the fault diagnosis platform was completed after the design and implementation of the hardware circuit according to the platform hardware block diagram.On the platform,design and programming were carried out for the motor drive control system,dual CPU data acquisition module and fault diagnosis terminal;(5)A study of detection technology ofpermanent magnet synchronous motor stator winding inter-turn short circuit fault.ANSYS Maxwell inter-turn short circuit simulation model was established,where the simulation of inter-turn short circuit with different fault degrees and analysis of the simulation results were carried out.And the detection and diagnosis of the inter-turn short circuit fault of the motor were completed according to the vibration signal and the current signal.Good speed regulation performance of the motor,simple operation and high security of stator winding inter-turn short circuit fault simulation are all proved by simulation and experiment on the permanent magnet synchronous motor fault diagnosis platform.The designed dual CPU data acquisition module can also obtain a variety of motor parameter signals.Moreover,the fault detection and diagnosis method of inter-turn short circuit reaches the desired effect and a high diagnosis rate is also shown.更多还原