【作者】 顾勇；

【导师】 吕霞；

【作者基本信息】 江苏大学 ， 法律硕士（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 督促程序是指法院根据债权人提出的给付金钱或者其他有价证券的申请,向债务人发出在一定期限内偿付债权人债务的支付令,如果债务人在规定期限内不提出异议或者不履行,支付令即发生强制执行力的一种特殊程序。督促程序,节约诉讼成本、提高程序效率,具有案件分流等功能。然而,自1991年督促程序被引进之后,因立法和实践经验的双重限制以及社会征信水平等相关因素的制约,实践中却呈现出严重的逆向低走趋势,未能很好地实现督促程序的预期效果。因此,如何解决督促程序的休眠问题并激活其效能,就是一个值得关注和深入探讨的学术命题。本文从民事督促程序的基本理论出发,通过实证考察、分析等方式,揭示实践中存在督促程序适用率低与大量符合督促程序的民事纠纷进入诉讼程序这一矛盾现象,深度挖掘我国督促程序运行失灵的制约因素,并提出切实可行的方法和完善程序等对策,从而充分发挥督促程序的制度价值和程序功能。首先从督促程序的概念出发,比较与其相关概念的区别和联系,从而清楚界定研究对象;同时通过搜集、分析督促程序在不同法系国家中的历史演进及其运行情况,坚持问题导向、目标导向、效果导向,结合当前实际剖析我国立法和司法中的困境。在明确基础性问题之后,分析研究产生的具体问题及其诱因。究其原因,在于债务人异议权被滥用;申请费用设置不合理;督促程序与诉讼程序二者衔接出现断层,相关配套法律不够完善具体;错误支付令的救济途径不畅等各种制度障碍。针对督促程序低效的这些原因,对比国内外成功经验,提出了引入社会诚信惩戒体系、推进督促程序的电子化改革、优化收费新标准及合理分担制度、拓宽错误支付令的救济渠道等具体措施,真正达到当事人愿意选、法院愿意用,构建出一个有效且实用的共同致力于债权人权利的快捷实现以及多元化纠纷解决体系。更多还原

【Abstract】 The procedure for hastening debt recovery refers to a special procedure in which the court issues an order of payment to repay the creditor’s debt within a prescribed time according to the application for payment of money or other securities filed by the creditor.The procedure hastening debt recovery,saves the cost of litigation,improves the efficiency of the procedure,with the function of case diversion,and so on.However,after the introduction of the procedure hastening debt recovery in1991,due to the dual limitation of legislation and practical experience,as well as the restriction of these factors such as the level of social credit investigation,a serious reverse trend has shown in the practice,and the procedure hastening debt recovery fails to achieve the expected effect very well.Therefore,how to solve the dormancy problem of the procedure hastening debt recovery and activate its efficiency is an academic proposition worthy of attention and in-depth discussion.Starting from the basic theory of the procedure hastening debt recovery,this paper reveals the contradiction between the low application rate of supervision procedure and a large number of civil disputes conforming to supervision procedure through empirical investigation analysis and other ways.In order to give full play to the system value and function of the procedure hastening debt recovery,the author deeply explores the restrictive factors of the procedure failure in China,and puts forward practical methods and countermeasures to improve it.Firstly,starting with the concept of the procedure hastening debt recovery,the author compares the differences and connections between the relevant concepts,so as to clearly define the research object;At the same time,through the collection,analysis and supervision procedures in different legal system countries in the historical evolution and implementation of the situation,adhere to the problem-oriented,goal-oriented,results-oriented,combined with the current reality to analyze China’s legislative and judicial difficulties.After the basic problems are clarified,discussing and analyzing the specific problems and their causes.The reason lies in the abuse of the debtor’s right of objection;unreasonable application fee setting;bridging fault between thesupervision procedure and the lawsuit procedure;The relevant supporting laws are not perfect and concrete;The remedy way of wrong payment order is not clear and so on.For these reasons,comparing the successful experience at home and abroad,the author suggests to bring into the social integrity punishment system,push forward the reform of electronic supervision procedures,optimize the new charging standards,and a fair sharing system,and broaden the relief channels of wrongful payment order,so as to truly achieve the parties are willing to choose,the court is willing to use,to build an effective and practical joint commitment to the rapid realization of creditors’ rights and a diversified dispute resolution system.更多还原