【作者】 李健；

【导师】 刘胜华；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 土地资源管理， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 休闲农业是一种同时具备农业和旅游业特性的产业形态。它体现了农村一、二、三产业深度融合的多种功能属性,能够在满足城市居民的休闲农业消费需求的同时,也能为乡村转变农业生产方式,促进农民就业增收,推动城乡一体化发展产生重要作用。长江中游城市群境内自然和农业资源多样,旅游资源丰富,能够为休闲农业的孕育和发展带来极大优势。因此研究区域休闲农业的空间布局特征、可达性服务水平及影响因素能够为区域休闲农业的空间布局优化提供理论依据和现实指导,对休闲农业的可持续发展有着重要意义。本文以休闲农业示范点作为区域休闲农业发展的代表,选取了长江中游城市群内330个国家级和省级休闲农业示范点为研究对象,以区位论、休闲经济理论、可持续发展理论等为理论基础,综合运用最邻近指数法、泰森多边形变异系数法、核密度估计法、吉布斯-马丁多样化指数、土地利用洛伦兹曲线和基尼系数、可达性法等对休闲农业示范点的空间布局特征及可达性水平进行了系统的分析和评价,然后利用灰色关联分析法对休闲农业示范点空间布局的影响因素进行了灰色关联分析,对影响因素中的关键因素作了进一步的具体分析。得到如下结论:(1)长江中游城市群休闲农业示范点空间布局类型为典型聚集分布模式,其中省级示范点为集聚分布,国家级示范点为随机分布;分布密度区域差异大,省级示范点分布密度大于国家级示范点,密度最高值分布在武汉、长沙与株洲交界地带、南昌等核心城市周边;垂直空间分布差异大,集中分布在0-200米的平原地区和200-400米的丘陵地区;各利用类型空间多样化程度高,利用类型空间分布整体而言较均衡,但各类型间均衡差异大,观光采摘型、综合休闲型、农业科技型空间分布较为合理,现代乡村型和乡村文化型空间分布不均衡。(2)长江中游城市群休闲农业示范点可达性情况较好,平均通行时间为35.45分钟,可达性最差地区位于远离区域核心城市的边缘地区;省级和国家级示范点的平均可达性分别为40.53分钟和71.31分钟,集中分布在20-40分钟和60-90分钟;基于县级单元的休闲农业示范点的平均可达性水平较好,有接近一半数量的县级单元示范点可达性小于30分钟,超过一半数量的县级单元省级示范点可达性小于40分钟,超过一半数量的县级单元国家级示范点可达性大于1小时;县级单元可达性空间自相关性强,热点分布呈现以武汉、长沙和南昌三个核心城市为中心形成的大型热点片区,向外围扩散在区域内部及边缘山地形成冷点区的“核心-边缘”布局。(3)长江中游城市群休闲农业示范点空间布局影响因素按照灰色关联分析从高到低排序为:人均生产总值>人均农林牧渔产值>农民人均纯收入>公路通车总里程>单位面积常住人口数>国内旅游收入>3A级以上旅游景区数量。影响因素中,距主城区、主要水系、公路和3A级以上景区距离对示范点布局有着重要影响,在一定距离区间内表现为明显的距离衰减规律。最后针对上述研究成果提出了加强休闲农业空间规划,合理布局;挖掘休闲农业产品内涵,提高产品多样化程度;合理开发多种地形地貌,把握重要资源条件对休闲农业的影响;加强交通网络体系建设,提高休闲农业可达性;加强休闲农业土地供应,完善休闲农业相关机制保障的休闲农业示范点空间布局优化的对策与建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Leisure agriculture is a new industrial form combining agriculture and tourism.It reflects the versatility of the integration of rural three industries.It can not only meet the leisure agricultural needs of urban residents,but also transform the mode of agricultural production,promote farmers’ employment and increase their income and improve the development of urban and rural region.The middle reaches of the Yangtze River are rich in natural and tourism resources,which can provide a favorable resource base for the leisure agriculture.Therefore,studying the spatial distribution features,accessibility and influencing factors of leisure agriculture can provide to its spatial layout optimization and sustainable development.Based on 330 national and provincial demonstration sites in the urban agglomerations area,this paper comprehensively uses NNI,Voronoi,kernel density,Gibbs-Martin diversity index,land use Lorentz curve and Gini coefficient,accessibility analysis method,etc,to analyze the spatial layout characteristics and accessibility levels of the demonstration sites.Then,using the gray correlation analysis to analyze the influencing factors of its spatial layout,and make a further analysis on the main influencing factors.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The spatial layout pattern of leisure agricultural demonstration sites is typical cluster,of which provincial sites are clustered and national are random;regional differences in distribution density are large,and the density of provincial sites is higher than that of national sites.The highest density is distributed around core cities such as Wuhan,Changsha and Zhuzhou,and Nanchang.The vertical spatial distribution is quite different,mainly distributing in the plain area of 0-200 m and the hilly region of 200-400m;the diversification of the use type has a high degree,and distribution balance of overall use type is good,but with a large difference between different types.(2)The accessibility of the leisure agriculture demonstration sites is relatively good,with an average transit time of 35.45 minutes.The areas with the worst accessibility are located in the fringe areas of the urban agglomerations that are far from core cities;the average accessibility of provincial and national demonstration sites is 40.53 minutes and 71.31 minutes,respectively,concentrated in 20-40 minutes and 60-90minutes;the average accessibility based on county-level units are good,with nearly half of the units is less than 30 minutes,more than half of the units at provincial levelis less than 40 minutes,and more than half of the units at national level is more than 1hour;The autocorrelation is strong,and the hotspot distribution presents a "core-edge" distribution pattern.(3)Based on the grey correlation analysis method,the influential factors are sorted from high to low: per capita GDP> per capita value of agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery> per capita net income of farmers> total mileage of roads> unit area of permanent residence Population> Domestic tourism income> Number of tourist attractions above 3A.Among the main influencing factors,the distance from the main urban area,main water systems,roads,and tourist attractions above 3A has an important influence on the layout of the demonstration sites,and it shows a clear law of distance attenuation within certain range.Finally,this paper suggests to strengthen the leisure agriculture spatial planning and reasonable layout;explore and diversify the connotation of leisure agriculture products;develop multiple landforms and master the influence of important resource conditions on leisure agriculture;strengthen the construction of the transportation to improve the accessibility of leisure agriculture;Strengthen the supply of leisure agriculture land and perfect the leisure agriculture-related mechanisms.更多还原