【作者】 刘悦；

【导师】 陈双印；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 中国史·敦煌学， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 西汉王朝作为中国古代历史上第一个维持了长久统治的大一统王朝,在政治、军事、经济、外交、民族关系上有其独特的创造性。移民现象在中国历史上由来已久,政治、军事、经济、边疆开发、自然灾害、民族稳定、社会生活等一系列因素都会成为移民的原因,然而西汉王朝在建筑了规模庞大、气势恢宏的各代帝陵的基础上,借鉴前代帝陵制度,强有力地推行了帝陵陵邑制度,并且采用帝陵移民的方式,不仅消弭了地方对抗势力,加强了对地方强有力的控制,有效维护了中央朝廷对地方的统治,同时,也充实了西汉一朝帝陵所在的关中地区的经济实力,有利于这一地区经济的开发,也有助于对长安城的防守。本论文由三个部分组成,并根据西汉帝陵移民所发生的背景、过程、影响等因素对西汉帝陵移民进行系统的剖析。其中第一章,西汉帝陵移民问题的提出,意在表明本文所研究的帝陵移民对象主要是西汉帝陵营建时设立陵邑后所产生的移民现象,与边疆移民、自然灾害移民、对某一地方开发的移民、或是某种军事移民存在明显的不同。西汉帝陵移民的研究,主要集中在帝陵移民的动因、移民对象、过程以及由此所造成的影响等等,阐述陵邑制度在秦时的萌芽以及在西汉的确立、发展与逐步完善。第二章论述西汉帝陵分布及陵邑移民的构成,从历史地理上分析了帝陵与陵邑选址建置的关系,厘清西汉八座陵邑移民的过程以及各帝陵涉及到的主要的移民对象。第三章论述了西汉帝陵移民的影响,主要从积极影响与消极影响两个方面,力图一分为二,比较客观地对西汉帝陵移民做出评判,并认为西汉帝陵移民的积极影响是陵邑移民对西汉政治军事发展的保障作用,运用相对比较温和的方式,消弭了地方的对抗势力,同时又促进了长安经济圈的形成,带动了关中地区礼仪之风与文娱建设,而由西汉帝陵移民所带来的消极影响,也不得不引起一定的重视,那就是奢靡之风的盛行和帝陵移民的构成基本上都是由各地方豪族组成,由此也带来了相对比较大的社会治理的难度。无论如何,陵邑制度作为西汉王朝一项比较特殊的移民制度,不管是作为西汉开国皇帝高祖刘邦一朝的大刀阔斧地推行,还是西汉第十一世皇帝汉元帝刘奭执政时期的极力废止,其目的却是高度地一致,并且自始至终都是为了巩固西汉王朝长治久安统治的需要,体现了中央集权的高度统一。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Western Han Dynasty,as the first unification dynasty to maintain long-term rule in ancient Chinese history,has its unique creativity in politics,military,economy,diplomacy,and ethnic relations.The immigration phenomenon has a long history in Chinese history,which has a series of factors such as politics,military,economy,frontier development,natural disasters,national stability,and social life will become the cause of immigration.However,one the basis of building many large-scale and magnificent Emperor’s cemeteries through generations and taking previous cemetries as an example,the Emperor’s Mausoleum System was strongly promoted,and the emperor’s emigration system was adopted,which not only eliminated local opposition forces,strengthened strong local control,and effectively maintained the central court’s rule of the local area.At the same time,the economic strength of the Guanzhong area where the emperor’s mausoleum of the Western Han Dynasty was located was beneficial to the economic development of this area,it also helps the defense of chang’an。This paper consists of three parts,and systematically analyzes the emperor’s tombs in the Western Han Dynasty according to the background,process,and influence of the emperor’s tombs in the Western Han Dynasty.The first chapter is about the immigration of the emperor’s mausoleum in the Western Han Dynasty,which is intended to show that the emperor’s emigration object studied in this paper is mainly the immigration phenomenon that occurred after the establishment of Lingyi in the emperor’s mausoleum of the Western Han Dynasty.There are obvious differences between immigrants developed in a certain place or military immigrants.The study of emperor emigration in the Western Han Dynasty mainly focused on the impetus,emigration objects,processes,and the impact of emperor emigration.It is also clarify the establishment of the system of Maosuleum Town in the Qin Dynasty and its establishment,development,and gradual improvement in the Western Han Dynasty.The second chapter discusses the distribution of the emperor’s cemetry in theWestern Han Dynasty and the composition of Maosuleum Town immigrants,analyzes the relationship between the emperor’s cemetry and the establishment of Maosuleum from the historical geography,clarifies the process of immigrants in the eight mausoleums in the Western Han Dynasty,and the main involved object of immigration in each emperor’s mausoleum.The third chapter discusses the impact of the emperor’s tombs in the Western Han Dynasty,mainly from positive impact and negative impact,and strives to divide it into two,to objectively judge the emperor’s tombs in the Western Han Dynasty,and considers the positive impact of the emperor’s tombs in the Western Han Dynasty,which is the role of Maosuleum immigrants in guaranteeing the political and military development of the Western Han Dynasty in a relatively modest way.It has eliminated local opposition and at the same time promoted the formation of the Chang’an economic circle,and promoted the etiquette and cultural development in the Guanzhong area.The negative influence brought by the emperor’s tombs in the Western Han Dynasty has also caused some attention,which is the prevalence of extravagance and the composition of emperor’s immigrants are basically composed of local nobles and they are relatively difficult social governance.In any case,the Maosuleum town system was a relatively special immigration system in the Western Han Dynasty.Whether it was promoted as the founding emperor of the Western Han Dynasty,Gaozu Liu Bang,or the eleventh emperor of the Western Han Dynasty,Emperor Han Yuan Emperor Liu Xuan was strongly abolished.Their purposes are highly consistent,which from the beginning to the end is always to consolidate the need for long-term security in the Western Han Dynasty,reflecting the high degree of centralization of centralization.更多还原