【作者】 李莉；

【导师】 饶远；

【作者基本信息】 云南师范大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 我国的民族传统体育是经历了上千年的历史,形成了内容丰富、形式多样,具有鲜明特色的民族传统体育文化,它是作为一个民族发展和生存的重要力量。双柏彝族地区的传统体育“老虎跳”活动起源于云南省楚雄州境内的小麦地冲村,彝族体育“老虎跳”活动是彝族虎图腾的“活史料”,既古朴又原始,民族风格特别的深厚,它既是祭祀性的传统体育活动,又是自娱性很强的民族传统体育活动。本文从彝族传统体育“老虎跳”活动的起源、原始宗教的表现形式、相互关系进行深入研究。探讨原始宗教图腾崇拜与彝族传统体育“老虎跳”活动之间的影响和作用,研究“老虎跳”活动存在的体育功能价值,为云南双柏彝族“老虎跳”活动向科学化、现代化方向发展提出有效的建议。本文主要采用了文献资料法、访谈法、实际调查法与逻辑分析法相结合的方法,深入探讨少数民族传统体育与原始宗教图腾崇拜的内在联系,他们之间的关系是复杂性和多重性的,彼此之间相互渗透、互相影响,我们今后要更加充分发挥民族文化的作用,发挥原始宗教图腾崇拜对民族文化发展的积极影响和作用。虽也有消极的作用,但也要发挥积极正面的影响,促进它的发扬光大,更好的传承民族文化。通过本文的研究,得出以下结论:(1)彝族体育“老虎跳”活动的形成是经过不断的继承、发展逐渐形成的,其有着丰富的文化内涵,它的产生与人类的生产劳动和社会实践有关系;(2)双柏彝族“老虎跳”活动的文化特征有:山地民族的地域文化特征、古代族人对动物行为的模仿、族群神圣的宗教祭典仪式、普遍的全民信仰体系、图腾崇拜与原始体育的融合形式;(3)彝族传统体育“老虎跳”与图腾崇拜之间存在密切的关系,两者之间相互渗透、互相影响,图腾崇拜对彝族体育“老虎跳”活动的形成起到积极的促进作用,为“老虎跳”活动提供特定的物质和精神条件,提升技艺,实现普及化,但图腾崇拜也制约着“老虎跳”活动向科学文化发展需要,向现代化需要的方向发展;(4)双柏彝族传统体育“老虎跳”活动的现代变迁趋势是:图腾崇拜意识的逐渐淡化、从娱神祭祀的活动向娱人活动的转变、从民间习俗向大众活动的转变、从族群祭祀活动走向体育文化舞台。更多还原

【Abstract】 Traditional sports of our country is experiencing for thousands of years of history,formed the content rich variety of forms,with distinctive characteristics of national traditional sports culture,it is an important force for the development and survival of a nation.The traditional sports "Tiger Jump" activity in the Shuangbai Yi area originated from Maidichong Village in Chuxiong Prefecture,Yunnan Province.The Yi sports "Tiger Jump" activity is a "living historical material" of the Yi tiger totem,which is both simplicity and primitive,with a profound national style.It is not only the sacrificial traditional sports activities,but also the national traditional sports activities with strong self-entertainment.This article conducts an in-depth study from the origin of the traditional “Tiger Jump” activity of the Yi people,the expressions of primitive religions,and Interrelationship.To explore the influence and function between the primitive religious totem worship and the traditional Yi sports "Tiger Jump" activity,to study the sports function value of the "Tiger Jump" activity,and put forward effective suggestions for the scientific and modern development of the "Tiger Jump" activity of the Yi people in Shuangbai,Yunnan.This article mainly uses the method of combining literature,interview,practical investigation and logical analysis to explore the inner relationship between traditional sports of ethnic minorities and primitive religious totem worship.The relationship between them is complex and multiple.We will infiltrate each other and influence each other.In the future,we must give full play to the role of national culture and bring into play the positive influence and role of the worship of primitive religions on the development of national culture.Although there is also a negative role,it must also exert a positive influence to promote it to carry forward,better inheritance of national culture.Through the research of this paper,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)The formation of the "Tiger Jump" activity of the Yi people’s sports is gradually formed through continuous inheritance and development.It has rich cultural connotations,Its generation is related to human productive labor and social practice;(2)The cultural characteristics of the “Tiger Jump” activities of the Shuangbai Yi nationality included: the regional cultural characteristics of the mountain people,the imitation of animal behavior by ancient peoples,the sacred religious rituals of the ethnic groups,the universal national belief system,totem worship and primitive sports Fusion form;(3)There is a close relationship between the traditional tiger sports of Yi nationality and totem worship.The two penetrate and influence each other.Totem worship plays a positive role in promoting the formation of Yi sports’ tiger jump.It provides specific material and spiritual conditions for "tiger jump",enhances skills,and achieves universalization,However,totem worship also restricts the development of "tiger jumping" to the scientific and cultural needs,modern development needs of the direction of development;(4)The modern changes of the traditional sport "tiger jump" in shuangbai yi nationality:Totem worship consciousness gradually weakened,From entertaining the gods to entertaining the people,the folk customs to the public activities,the ethnic sacrificial activities to the sports and cultural arena.更多还原