【作者】 陈浩；

【导师】 张书毕；

【作者基本信息】 中国矿业大学 ， 测绘工程， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 三维坐标转换的实质是利用公共点在源坐标系和目标坐标系下的两套坐标,以及其他非公共点的在源坐标系下坐标信息,推估出其他非公共点在目标坐标系下的坐标。传统的七参数转换模型,公共点在目标坐标系下的坐标误差和非公共点坐标误差都被忽略,这就导致采用传统布尔莎7参数模型计算得到的7参数不准确,当公共点较少或者分布不均匀时,或者公共点区域以外的非公共点坐标进行坐标转换时坐标结果存在跳跃,在求取7参数的公共点区域内外存在间隙。在实际解算过程中,源坐标系的公共点和非公共点作为已知量除存在坐标误差之外,还存在粗差,传统的最小二乘方法在观测值随机误差呈正态分布时是最优解,但当观测值存在系统误差或粗差时,最小二乘方法计算结果误差较大。本文主要针对上述问题展开论述,综合分析国内外坐标转换技术的研究情况和不足,在介绍1949年建国以来沿用的坐标系的基础上,以2000国家大地坐标系推广应用为契机,探索CGCS2000坐标稳健转换的方法,给出相同椭球基准下不同坐标系的相互转换模型和不同椭球基准下三维坐标转换模型,将稳健估计思想应用到三维坐标转换中,并着重研究三维坐标转换模型中法方程的抗病态和抗差性能,提高三维坐标转换模型抗病态和抗差性能,实现抗差坐标转换以改进布尔莎七参数模型;同时顾及所有点位误差及转换参数求解时的系数矩阵随机误差,将三维空间坐标转换参数和预测联合处理,实现稳健三维坐标转换应用;针对跨区坐标转换在边缘处的精度较差,转换坐标不一致的问题,提出了一种动态坐标转换方法,并编制相应的软件,处理一些示例数据进行分析。通过实验分析可知,当观测值含有粗差时,顾及粗差和误差相关性的稳健估计方法表现更好,获取转换七参数精度更高,采用稳健坐标估计方法获得的转换后目标坐标点位精度更高,抗差性能更好。该论文有图22幅,表10个,参考文献100篇。更多还原

【Abstract】 The essence of three-dimensional coordinate transformation is to use the two sets of coordinates of the common point in the source coordinate system and the target coordinate system,and the coordinate information of other non-common points in the source coordinate system to estimate other non-common points in the target coordinate system.coordinate.In the traditional seven-parameter transformation model,the coordinate error and the non-common point coordinate error of the common point in the target coordinate system are ignored,which leads to the inaccuracy of the 7 parameters calculated by the traditional Bursa 7-parameter model.Or,when the distribution is uneven,or the coordinate conversion is performed when the coordinates of the non-common points outside the common point area are coordinate-transformed,there is a gap in the common point area where the7-parameter is obtained.In the actual solution process,the common point and the non-common point of the source coordinate system have a gross error in addition to the coordinate error.The traditional least squares method is when the observed random error is normally distributed.The optimal solution,but when there is systematic error or gross error in the observed value,the least squares method is no longer applicable.This paper mainly discusses the above problems,comprehensively analyzes the research situation and shortcomings of coordinate transformation technology at home and abroad.Based on the introduction of the coordinate system used since the founding of the country in 1949,the paper explores the application of the 2000 national geodetic coordinate system as an opportunity to explore the stable coordinates of CGCS2000.The method of coordinate transformation is given to the mutual conversion model of different coordinate systems under the same reference and the coordinate transformation model under different references.Based on the theory of robust estimation,a robust transformation method of CGCS2000 coordinates is proposed.Taking the disease resistance and the resistance of the coordinate transformation as the starting point,the influence of the ill-conditioned and gross error of the equations on the conversion results is studied,and the robust coordinate transformation is realized to improve the Bursa seven-parameter model.At the same time,all the point errors and conversion parameters are considered.The random error of the coefficient matrix is combined with the three-dimensional coordinate transformation parameters and prediction to realize the application ofrobust three-dimensional coordinate transformation,and the corresponding software is compiled to process some sample data for analysis.Through experimental analysis,it can be seen that when the observations contain gross errors,the robust estimation method that takes into account the gross error and error correlation performs better,and the accuracy of the acquisition seven parameters is higher.The converted target obtained by the robust coordinate estimation method is obtained.The coordinate point is more accurate and the resistance is better.更多还原