【作者】 张琰；

【导师】 吕修祥；

【作者基本信息】 中国石油大学(北京) ， 地质资源与地质工程， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 库车坳陷深层碎屑岩储层的后期改造受控于构造和流体两大因素。本文以大北区块白垩系巴什基奇克组为研究对象,根据薄片及岩心观测、生产测试等分析储层特征;通过岩石磁组构法、声发射法、构造沉积学等手段,分析构造应力场的演化;分析构造演化、物性及地层压力,阐述构造成岩作用效应;运用流体包裹体、碳氧同位素等方法,恢复作用流体的类型和期次;以宏观和微观演化模型的形式说明构造-流体时空耦合关系。这对于厘清深层碎屑岩储层有利储集体的特征和分布、深化认识储层形成机理具有重大意义。结果表明:（1）研究区巴三段为扇三角洲沉积亚相,巴二段为辫状河三角洲沉积亚相,发育特低孔、特低渗砂岩储层,储集空间以残余原生粒间孔和裂缝为主;（2）喜山运动中期之前,目的层均处于弱伸展构造环境下,应力大小为27.4 MPa,喜山中期发生三期近南北向构造挤压应力（大小依次为39.3 MPa、55.7 MPa、63.6MPa）作用,喜山晚期应力方向稍有变化,大小为79.4 MPa;（3）构造成岩作用效应主要表现为断裂发育、构造减孔以及超压,北倾逆冲断层集中发育于喜山晚期,喜山中期、喜山晚期和现今构造期发育了三期构造裂缝,前两期充填程度较高;（4）目的层处于中成岩A₂期,以压实、胶结作用为主,溶蚀作用较弱,在两期大气淡水作用下沉淀裂缝胶结物,燕山晚期存在一定的风化淋滤溶蚀作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The deep clastic reservoirs in the Kuqa depression is mainly modified by structure and fluid.Taking the Bashijiqike Formation of the Cretaceous in the Dabei block as the research object,the reservoir characteristics are analyzed according to the core observation,thin section observation,production test,etc.The rock magnetic fabric method,acoustic emission method,structural sedimentology,etc.are carried out to analyze the evolution of tectonic stress field.Tectonic evolution,physical properties and formation pressure are used to explain the effects of tectonic diagenesis.Fluid inclusions analytical skills,carbon and oxygen isotopes analysis,etc.are used to restore the type and perid of fluid.The evolution model is developed to explain the coupling relationship of the tectonic evolution and fluid action,and the effect of that to the reservoir in the form of macroscopic and microscopic.It is of great significance to clarify the characteristics and distribution of favorable reservoirs and to further understand the formation mechanism of deep clastic reservoirs.Results are as follows.（1）The third section of the Bashijiqike Group of the study area is the fan delta sedimentary subfacies,while the second section of the Bashijiqike Group is the braided river delta sedimentary subfacies.The ultra-low porosity and ultra-low permeability sandstone reservoirs are developed.The reservoir space is mainly composed of residual primary intergranular pores and cracks.（2）Before middle Himalayan stage,the target layer is in the weak extension structure setting,the stress is27.4 MPa.There are three-phase near-north-south tectonic compression occured in the middle Himalayan stage,the stress of them are 39.3 MPa,55.7 MPa and 63.6MPa,respectively.The stress in the late Himalayan stage is 79.4 MPa.（3）Structural diagenesis mainly manifests as fault development,tectonic reduction and overpressure.The northward thrust faults are mainly developedin the late Himalayan stage.The third-stage tectonic fractures were developed in the middle Himalayan stage,late Himalayan stage and present tectonic period.（4）The target layer reaches stage A₂ of the middle diagenetic phase.Diagenesis is mainly compaction and cementation,while dissolution is weak.Cement was precipitated in cracks under the action of atmospheric fresh water.The weathering leaching and dissolution occured in the late Himalayan stage.更多还原