【作者】 王立功；

【导师】 李伟平；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 机械工程， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 涨圈属于一种分剖式密封环广泛应用于车辆传动装置以及航空发动机轴承腔内,特别适合安装在对体积有限制的地方,其密封性能直接影响机械装置的安全运行和工作效率。由于工作环境恶劣,涨圈很容易发生失效,其失效主要包括随轴转动和泄漏量超标,其中涨圈结构尺寸的设计不合理以及涨圈产生的大量摩擦热引起的变形与磨损是导致失效的主要原因,因此本文针对涨圈结构尺寸设计以及降低端面温度进行了一些研究,为涨圈型密封环的设计研究提供参考。主要工作包括以下几个方面。(1)为了保证涨圈辅助密封面的贴合效果,采用解析法与有限元仿真两种方式设计涨圈非圆型线,并通过仿真与实验的方式验证型线的圆度;通过对涨圈在工作条件下的受力情况分析,确定涨圈开口尺寸;对泄漏的主要方式进行相关的研究,并确定泄漏量的计算公式。(2)根据涨圈密封环的受力情况,建立主密封的润滑模型,通过求解润滑方程以及微凸体接触方程来判断涨圈主密封面的润滑情况并定量的计算液膜承载比以及主密封面泄漏量,随后研究润滑状态随密封面的几何形貌以及操作参数的变化规律。(3)依据涨圈的工作环境,确定涨圈的热边界条件,分析在工作状态下涨圈的温度场分布;通过热结构耦合对涨圈的变形情况进行分析并计算在稳态工况下的开口的泄漏量;分析涨圈尺寸参数与工况参数对涨圈温度与泄漏量的影响情况。(4)依据浅槽承载原理,建立T型槽的几何模型,通过求解润滑模型,研究T型槽的各个尺寸参数对密封性能的影响;随后以T型槽的尺寸参数为设计变量并以平衡条件下的液膜厚度、主密封面泄漏量和液膜刚度为响应,采用最优拉丁超立方采样,搭建二次响应面模型,运用多岛遗传算法对T型槽尺寸参数进行优化设计,保证减小泄漏量的同时,降低涨圈密封环的温度。更多还原

【Abstract】 Piston ring belo ngs to a kind of split-t ype seal ring,which is widely used in vehicle transmissio ns and aero-engine bearing cavit ies.It is especially suitable for installat ion where volume is restricted.Its sealing performance direct ly affects the safe operat ion and working efficiency of mechanical devices.Due to the poor working environment,the piston ring is prone to failure.The failure mainly includes the rotation wit h the shaft and the leakage exceeds the stand ard.the unreasonable design of the structure of the piston ring and the deformation and wear caused by the large amount of frict ional heat generated by the piston ring are the main causes of failure.Therefore,this art icle has carried out some research on the design of the ring structure and reducing the end face temperature,which provides a reference for the design and study of the piston ring.The main work includes the following aspects.(1)In order to ensure the fit effect of the auxiliary seal surface of the ring,the non-circular line of the piston ring is designed by analyt ical method and finit e element simulat ion;By analyzing the stress of the ring under working condit io ns,determine the size of the ring opening;Conduct related research on the main ways of leakage,and determine the calculat io n formula of the leakage amount.(2)Based on the stress of the piston ring,a lubricat ion model of the main seal is established.Solve the lubricat ion equat ion and the micro-convex contact equat ion to determine the lubricat ing condit ion of the piston ring and quant itat ively calculate the liquid film carrying rat io and the leakage amount of the main surface.Then,the variat ion of the lubrication state with the sealing surface geometry and operating parameters is studied.(3)According to the working environment of the ring,determine the thermal boundary condit ions of the ring,and analyze the temperature field distribut ion of the ring in the working state;Analyze the deformation of the piston ring by thermal structure coupling and calculate the leakage of t he gap under steady-state condit io ns;analyze the influence of the parameters of the piston ring size and operat ing condit io ns on the maximum temperature and leakage of the ring.(4)Based on the shallow groove carrying principle,a geometric model of the T-slot is established,and the effects of vario us dimensio nal parameters of the T-slot on the sealing performance are studied b y solving the lubricat ion model;Then taking the size parameter of the T-slot as the design variable and responding to the liquid film thickness under equilibrium condit io ns,main sealing surface leakage and liquid film st iffness,use the optimal Latin hypercube sampling,a quadrat ic response surface model is constructed,and the mult i-island genet ic algorithm is used to optimize the design of the T-slot size parameters to ensure that the temperature of the piston ring is reduced while reducing the amount of leakage.更多还原