【作者】 李晨光；

【导师】 徐苏宁；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 城乡规划学， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 随着时间的推移和社会的演变,传统封闭式居住小区所存在的缺点愈加凸显。譬如影响城市交通网络的进一步拓展、公共配套设施不足、居民之间的交流过少、小区缺少生机等等。以事实为据,本着公平合理的原则开放居住小区为上述问题的妥善解决提供了可行路径。从城市发展角度来看,随着路网系统开放性的增加,城市交通将会愈加便利。不过从居民角度来看,随着小区开放度的增加,居住空间环境的私密安全将无法得到保证,开放居住区这一观点并未得到居民的肯定。对于设计者而言,如何兼顾城市发展和居民要求,通过相关举措满足两者所需,是不得不深思的重要课题。基于以上背景,本文从多个角度出发对居住街区的开放度、均衡性问题做了进一步探究。首先,从宏观角度出发对经典城市规划思想和现有的住区规划理论进行了梳理;其次,立足于现实,提出居住街区开放度均衡这一观点,旨在化解居住街区开放度过低与过高之间的矛盾。同时,对居住街区开放度均衡做了深入研究,希望以此为契机,在规划和设计层面找寻切实可行的应对措施,一方面为居民提供更好的居住条件,另一方面为城市品质保持做良好铺垫。再次,本文对开放度不尽相同的街区进行了比对分析,分别从道路交通和空间形态入手,结合街区空间结构特点对其开放度问题进行了研究,试图在优化城市交通网络和居民客观所需之间找寻新的平衡点,并通过空间句法参数对案例中的空间结构特点、开放性等进行了横向比对,基于空间句法理论,本着深入浅出的原则对居住街区路网结构所具有的开放度进行了描述,得出空间句法在街区道路交通和空间形态特征的开放度均衡定量描述的参考数值。以此为基础,本文不仅明确了开放度适中空间句法数值的参考范围,同时,在对哈西万达片区的空间和开放特点有着一定了解的前提下,基于句法变量提出了具有针对性的开放度均衡性策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the passage of time and the evolution of society,the shortcomings of the traditional closed residential area become more and more prominent.For example,it affects the further development of urban traffic network,the lack of public supporting facilities,the lack of communication between residents,and the lack of vitality of the community.On the basis of facts,it provides a feasible way to solve the above problems.From the perspective of urban development,with the increasing openness of road network system,urban traffic will become more convenient.However,from the perspective of residents,with the increase of the openness of the residential area,the privacy and security of the residential environment will not be guaranteed,and the view of open residential area has not been affirmed by residents.For designers,how to take into account the requirements of urban development and residents,through relevant measures to meet the needs of both,is an important topic to be pondered.Based on the above background,this paper further explores the openness and balance of residential blocks from multiple perspectives.First of all,from the macro point of view,the classic urban planning ideas and the existing residential planning theory are combed;secondly,based on the reality,the paper puts forward the view of residential block openness balance,aiming to resolve the contradiction between too low and too high.At the same time,this paper makes an in-depth study on the balance of the openness of residential blocks,hoping to take this opportunity to find practical countermeasures at the level of planning and design,on the one hand,to provide better living conditions for residents,on the other hand,to lay a good foundation for the maintenance of urban quality.Thirdly,this paper makes a comparative analysis of the blocks with different openness,starting with the road system and spatial form,and combining with the characteristics of block spatial structure,studies its openness,trying to find a new balance between the optimization of urban traffic network and the objective needs of residents,and through the spatial syntax parameters,the spatial structure characteristics and openness of the case are improved Based on the spatial syntax theory,the paper describes the openness of the road network structure of the residential district in the principle of simple and deep,and obtains the reference value of the openness balance of the spatial morphology characteristics and quantitative indicators of the spatial syntax in the street.On this basis,this paper not only defines the reference range of space syntax values with moderate openness,but also based on the understanding of the spatial and open characteristics of the Wanda block in Harbin west new district,this paper proposes a targeted open degree equilibrium strategy.更多还原