【作者】 刘敏；

【导师】 吴铁明；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 观赏园艺， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 中国城市园林建设正在健康有序的发展,国家更加强调城市园林绿地的生态化和特色化。但绿化养护管理方面的研究处于早期状态,设计人员重设计,轻养护,使得后期养护无法与前期绿化相结合,导致道路绿化成效不明显,道路维护的工作量巨大,精细而专业的养护,才能更好地保证道路绿化的景观效果使其发挥重要的绿化功能。城市主干道及其示范道路代表了一个地区的道路绿化养护管理水平,本文以湖南省长沙市芙蓉区道路绿化带植物应用现状、与道路绿化养护管理相关的措施和养护管理模式现状为主要研究对象,通过实地调查法、访谈法和资料收集法等方法首次调查了芙蓉中路、韶山北路、凌霄路、荷花路等城市主干道和具有文化特色的次干道及支路共14条,走访了负责道路绿化的相关单位,取得了芙蓉区道路绿化养护管理的道路横断面形式、道路绿化带植物应用情况、管理模式和道路绿化养护管理措施现状。分析了芙蓉区道路绿化养护管理模式、道路绿化植物应用现状和道路断面形式及道路绿化带植物的分布情况,记录了芙蓉区道路绿化养护管理措施现状;发现存在的问题;分析影响因素并提出建议。芙蓉区道路绿化养护管理的问题有:(1)杜鹃的修剪方式不符合其花灌木的观赏特性,使道路绿化中的杜鹃只长叶却不见开花;(2)大多数采用模纹形式栽植的绿篱,其内膛无法通风透光,导致植物生长势较弱,易感病虫害,营养被杂草抢夺,出现大量枯枝败叶、滋生杂草和病虫害,增加养护难度,影响其观赏性;(3)除草过程中,只有少数地被中的杂草采用了化学防治的方式,多数绿带中的杂草只能人工拔除,且除草时间没有根据杂草特性合理安排,每年重复除草工作,大大增加了养护人员的工作量从而降低了工作效率;(4)只有少数养护人员熟练掌握养护管理措施,大部分养护人员无法独挡一面,许多养护工作需要带队队长亲自指导,否则无法按时按效完成。建议:(1)调整杜鹃的修剪方式,使其充分发挥观赏价值;(2)根据道路绿地杂草的生长特点合理安排除草时期,灵活运用多种除草方式对杂草进行综合防治;(3)加强养护人员专业技能培训的组织力度,确保在养护过程中做到合理、明确、精准;(4)适当调整绿化植物比例,丰富绿化植物品种;(5)建立养护管理措施标准及阶段性养护方案,确保养护工作的延续性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The construction of urban gardens in China is developing in a healthy and orderly manner.The state has placed greater emphasis on the ecological and characteristic features of urban garden green spaces.However,research on greening and conservation management is in an early stage.Designers are redesigning and light maintenance,so that late maintenance cannot be combined with greening in the early stage.As a result,the effectiveness of road greening is not obvious,the workload of road maintenance is huge,and the fine and professional conservation can better guarantee the landscape effect of road greening to make it play an important greening function.The urban arterial roads and their demonstration roads represent the level of road greening and maintenance management in a region.In this paper,the status quo of plant applications in road greenbelts in Furong District,Changsha City,Hunan Province,and the current status of maintenance and management related to road greening and maintenance are the main research objects.Through field surveys,interviews and data collection methods,Investigated 14 major urban roads such as Furong Middle Road,Shaoshan North Road,Lingxiao Road,and Hehua Road ect.secondary roads and tributaries with cultural characteristics.Visiting the maintenance department of the furong district,the kinkai landscaping in the hunan province and the xiaoyan flower management division,Obtained the road cross-section form of the road greening maintenance management,the application status of road greening plants,the management mode,and the status quo of road greening conservation management measures in Furong District.Analyzes the management and maintenance management model of road greening,the status quo of road greening plants,the form of road sections and the distribution of road greenbelt plants in Furong District,Records the status quo of road greening and maintenance management measures in Furong District,finds problems,analyzes the influencing factors,and puts forward suggestions.The issues of road greening and maintenance management in Furong District include:(I)The pruning method of the cuckoo does not conform to the ornamental characteristics of its flowering shrubs,so that the azaleas in the road greening only have long leaves but no flowering;(II)Most of the hedgerows planted in the form of moulding patterns cannot beventilated and light-transmitting,resulting in weaker plant growth potential,susceptible pests and diseases,nutrient weeding by weeds,and a large number of dead leaves,weeds,and weeds.Increase the difficulty of conservation,affect its ornamental nature;(III)During the weeding process,only a few of the weeds in the area were chemically controlled.Most of the weeds in the green belt can only be removed manually,and the weeding time is not rationally arranged according to the characteristics of weeds.The weeding work is repeated every year.Greatly increased the workload of conservation staff and reduced work efficiency;(IV)Only a few maintenance personnel are skilled in the maintenance management measures.Most of the conservation personnel cannot stand alone.Many conservation tasks need to lead the team captain personally.Otherwise,they cannot complete it on time.Suggestion:(I)Adjust the azalea pruning method so that it can fully display its ornamental value;(II)According to the growth characteristics of road weeds in the road,the weeding period can be rationally arranged,and a variety of weeding methods can be used flexibly to comprehensively control weeds;(III)Strengthen the organization of conservation professional skills training to ensure that it is reasonable,clear,and accurate in the conservation process;(IV)Appropriately adjust the proportion of green plants and enrich the varieties of green plants;(V)Establish standards for maintenance and management measures and periodic maintenance programs to ensure the continuity of conservation work.更多还原