【作者】 闫枫；

【导师】 付平； 熊学军；

【作者基本信息】 青岛科技大学 ， 机械工程（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,随着传统能源的逐渐枯竭,人类将目光瞄向资源更丰富的海洋。为了更好的探索海洋资源,需要借助水下观测仪器和设备。众所周知,海洋是一个高压低温的环境,这会严重降低仪器电池的放电效率,减少其工作时间。因此,本文设计一种为海洋观测仪器供电的高能效电池舱,通过加入保温材料在一定程度上提高了低温环境下电池放电效率,延长了观测仪器的工作时间。首先,本文根据海洋潜标系统观测仪器工作时间和所需要的工作功率等信息,按照压力容器设计准则设计出“黄金比例”圆筒形电池舱与“大浮力”球形电池舱两种电池舱为观测仪器供能,对两种电池舱进行强度计算和稳定性校核,确立电池舱结构和尺寸,并利用Solidworks软件建立三维模型,利用有限元软件对两种电池舱进行进一步有限元仿真分析,用数值模拟的方法进行应力分析与优化,确定最终方案。然后从研究锂电池放电时发生的电化学反应入手,研究热量传递的基本途径。以锂亚硫酰氯电池为研究对象,分析化学反应原理及锂电池从内向外热量的传递规律,从理论方面计算出锂电池放电所释放的热量;根据电池舱结构及观测仪器工作电压设计电池组,利用ANSYS Workbench模拟仿真软件对其模拟仿真,研究对流换热系数对电池组内部热量的影响。通过研究热量的传递方式与导热基础,得出电池舱在工作时热量传递途径。在此基础上,根据电池舱内部容量及电池组的结构尺寸设计出合适尺寸保温材料。建立完整高能效电池舱的三维模型,通过加入不同保温材料时电池舱放电的模拟研究,对比采用不同保温材料时电池舱内部温度,确定保温效果最好的材料。最后,对单节锂电池在使用保温材料放电的情况下进行实验,实验结果与模拟结果相同。将加工好的电池舱与电池组送到南海流花16-2海域布放潜标进行实时预警。电池舱能够完成规定的任务后将潜标回收,证明电池舱的保温效果满足任务要求。通过本文的研究,成功设计出一种深海装备用高能效电池舱,为以后海洋装备电池舱保温领域积累了一定的经验,也有助于更加详尽的探测未知的海洋世界。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years,with the gradual depletion of traditional energy sources,mankind has turned its sights to the more resource-rich oceans.In order to better explore Marine resources,underwater observation instruments and equipment are needed.As we all know,the ocean is a high pressure and low temperature environment,which will seriously reduce the discharge efficiency of instrument batteries and reduce their working time.Therefore,this paper designs a kind of high-efficiency battery cabin that supplies power to the ocean observation instrument.By adding insulation materials,the battery discharge efficiency under low temperature environment is improved to a certain extent,and the working time of the observation instrument is extended.First of all,based on the ocean dive observation instrument working time and the system information such as the work needed to power,according to the rule of pressure vessel design to design the "golden ratio" cylindrical battery compartment with the "big buoyancy" spherical tank two battery compartment to power the observation instruments,the two battery tank strength calculation and stability checking,establish the battery compartment structure and size,and three dimensional model is established by using Solidworks software,using the finite element software further finite element simulation analysis was carried out on the two kinds of battery compartment,using numerical simulation method of stress analysis and optimization,to determine the final plan.Then,the basic way of heat transfer is studied by studying the electrochemical reaction during the discharge of lithium battery.Taking lithium thionyl chloride battery as the research object,this paper analyzes the principle of chemical reaction and the law of heat transfer of lithium battery from inside to outside,and theoretically calculates the heat released by the discharge of lithium battery.The battery pack was designed according to the structure of the battery cabin and the working voltage of the observation instrument,and the influence of convective heat transfer coefficient on the internal heat of the battery pack was studied by ANSYS Workbench simulationsoftware.By studying the heat transfer mode and the heat conduction basis,the heat transfer path of the battery cabin is obtained.On this basis,according to the internal capacity of the battery compartment and the structural size of the battery pack to design the appropriate size of insulation materials.A complete 3d model of the battery cabin with high energy efficiency was established.By simulating the discharge of the battery cabin with different insulation materials,the internal temperature of the battery cabin with different insulation materials was compared to determine the material with the best insulation effect.Finally,a single lithium battery is tested under the condition of discharging with insulation material,and the experimental result is the same as the simulation result.The finished battery compartment and battery pack will be sent to liuhua 16-2 sea area in the south China sea to deploy subsurface beacon for real-time warning.After the battery cabin can complete the specified task,the subsurface buoy will be recovered,which proves that the insulation effect of the battery cabin meets the task requirements.Through the research in this paper,we successfully designed a kind of high-efficiency battery cabin for deep-sea equipment,which has accumulated certain experience for the field of insulation of battery cabin for Marine equipment in the future,and also contributes to more detailed exploration of the unknown ocean world.更多还原