【作者】 黄敏；

【导师】 袁尔东；

【作者基本信息】 华南理工大学 ， 食品科学与工程， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 胃黏膜损伤是一种常见的消化性疾病,复发率高,难以完全治愈,折磨着全球数百万人。过度饮酒,长期使用非甾体抗炎药,压力过大和幽门螺杆菌感染都可导致胃黏膜损伤。目前的抗溃疡药物虽然有效,但价格昂贵,且有毒副作用。因此,探索更安全有效的护胃产品或寻找具有辅助保护功能的原料来保护胃黏膜损伤备受关注。本论文以7种药食两用原料和保健食品原料,制备得到5种复合提取物（Complex extract,CE）,研究其对胃黏膜的保护作用,并研制开发了一款具有护胃功能的固体饮料。将人参（Panax ginseng）、黄芪（Astragalus membranaceus）、茯苓（Poria cocos）、葛根（Radix Puerariae）、高良姜（Alpinia officinarum Hance）、甘草（Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch）、猴头菇（Hericium erinaceus）等原料,分别按比例复配、热水提取、冷冻干燥,得到5种复合提取物CE1、CE2、CE3、CE4和CE5。采用乙酸诱导的慢性胃黏膜损伤和乙醇诱导的急性胃黏膜损伤大鼠模型,以胃组织的肉眼观察和组织学观察的胃溃疡指数和损伤抑制率为评价指标,研究对比5种复合提取物的保护胃黏膜作用。结果表明CEs都具有不同程度的预防和修复胃黏膜损伤的作用。其中,CE1、CE4和CE5,明显比CE2、CE3对胃黏膜的预防和修复作用更好（P<0.005）,且CEs有助于提高机体过氧化氢酶（CAT）活力和降低脂质过氧化物MDA含量。肝组织HE染色结果表明,这5种CEs均无肝毒性,安全性高。对CEs保护胃黏膜作用机制进行了初步研究。构建乙醇诱导的人胃黏膜细胞（GES-1）损伤模型,研究CEs对受损GES-1细胞的修复作用。结果显示,CE1、CE4和CE5均能促进GES-1细胞增殖,且能提高受损GES-1细胞的存活率,其中,CE5能显著提高受损细胞存活率（P<0.005）。同时,CE1、CE4和CE5能有效抑制Wnt信号传导活性,表明它们可以通过抑制Wnt信号通路来保护胃黏膜。因此,综合评价可知,CE5的护胃功效最为显著。以CE5为功效成分,研制一款护胃功效固体饮料。通过感官评价分析,确定相关辅料的添加量为,0.02%甜菊糖苷、3%果胶以及1.2%的抗结剂（Si O₂/n Si O₂）。分析显示,其多糖含量约为60%,多酚含量约为4%。该固体饮料对GES-1细胞无细胞毒性,且有助于修复乙醇损伤GES-1细胞。构建非翻转大鼠肠囊模型,分析二氧化硅抗结剂对产品多糖肠吸收率的影响,发现在十二指肠和空肠处对多糖的肠吸收率均有明显提高。综合抗结效果和原料成本,最终选择1.2%二氧化硅为抗结剂。综上所述,CEs对慢性和急性胃黏膜损伤具有一定的预防和修复作用,其中以CE1,CE4和CE5的效果最为显著。CE1,CE4和CE5对乙醇损伤CES-1细胞有较好的修复作用,并可明显抑制Wnt信号通路。综合各项研究结果,CE5的护胃功效最为显著。以之为主原料,成功研制了一款护胃功能固体饮料。更多还原

【Abstract】 Gastric mucosal injury is a common digestive disease with high recurrence rate and difficult to cure completely,afflicting millions of individuals worldwide.Excessive drinking,long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs（NSAIDs）,over stress and Helicobacter pylori infection can result in gastric mucosal injury.Although currently available antiulcer drugs are effective,they are expensive and have toxic side effects.Therefore,exploring more effective and safe anti-gastric ulcer products or seeking for materials with auxiliary protective functions to resist gastric ulcers from natural resources has attracted much attention.In this paper,five kinds of Complex extract（CE）were prepared from seven kinds of medicinal and edible raw materials and health food raw materials to study their protective effect on gastric mucosa,and a solid beverage with the function of protecting gastric was developed.Raw materials such as Astragalus,Poria cocos,Alpinia officinarum Hance,Radix Puerariae,Ginseng,Licorice,Hericium erinaceus,etc.Respectively according to the proportion,hot water extraction,freeze drying,to obtain five kinds of complex extracts CE1,CE2,CE3,CE4 and CE5.By using acetic acid-induced chronic gastric mucosal injury and ethanol-induced acute gastric mucosal injury rat model,to study compared the protective effect of five kinds of complex extracts on gastric mucosa,and gastric ulcer index and lesion inhibition rate of visual observation and histological observation of gastric tissues were used as evaluation indexes.The results showed that CEs could prevent and repair gastric mucosal injury in different degrees.Among them,CE1,CE4 and CE5 are significantly better than CE2 and CE3in preventing and repairing gastric mucosa（P<0.005）,and CEs helped to increase the activity of catalase（CAT）and reduce lipid peroxidation MDA content.HE staining results of liver tissues showed that these five CEs were non-hepatotoxic and had high safety.The mechanism of CEs protecting gastric mucosa was preliminarily studied.The ethanol-induced injury model of human gastric mucosal cells（GES-1）was constructed to study the repairing effect of CEs on injured GES-1 cells.The results showed that CE1,CE4 and CE5could effectively promote the proliferation of GES-1 cells and improve the viability rate of injured GES-1 cells.Among them,CE5 could significantly improve the viability rate of injured cells（P<0.005）.At the same time,CE1,CE4 and CE5 could effectively inhibit Wnt signaling activity,indicating that they can protect gastric mucosa by inhibiting the Wnt signaling pathway.Therefore,the comprehensive evaluation shows that CE5 has the most significant protective effect to gastric mucosa.With CE5 as the effective ingredient,a solid beverage with gastric protection effect has been developed.Through sensory evaluation and analysis,the amount of relevant auxiliary materials was determined to be 0.02%Stevioside,3%Pectin and 1.2%anti-caking agent（Si O₂/n Si O₂）.The analysis showed that the polysaccharide content was about 60%and the polyphenol content was about 4%.The solid beverage had no cytotoxicity to GES-1 cells and could help repair injured GES-1 cells by ethanol.The non-inverted rat intestinal sac model was constructed to analyze the effect of silica anti-caking agent on the intestinal absorption rate of polysaccharides,and it was found that the intestinal absorption rate of polysaccharides was significantly increased in both duodenum and jejunum.Finally,1.2%silica was selected as the anti-caking agent based on the anti-coalescence effect and raw material cost.In summary,CEs have certain preventive and repairing effects on chronic and acute gastric mucosal injury,among which CE1,CE4 and CE5 have the most significant effects.CE1,CE4and CE5 had good repair effects on ethanol-injured CES-1 cells,and can significantly inhibit the Wnt signaling pathway.Based on the results of various studies,CE5 has the most significant protective effect to gastric mucosa.With this as the main raw material,we have successfully developed a solid beverage for protecting gastric.更多还原