【作者】 王博；

【导师】 王克英； 黄志；

【作者基本信息】 华南理工大学 ， 电气工程（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国变电站的自动化程度越来越高,对于二次设备的自动监测、控制和报警的依赖性越来越强,在发生停电事故时,作为变电站备用电源蓄电池组的重要性日益凸显。然而由于蓄电池组由多个单体电池组成,各单体电池之间在实际工况下难以保证充放电程度的完全一致,存在不均衡的问题,影响蓄电池的寿命和容量,在断电情况下甚至难以保证正常作用,造成不可挽回的损失,除此之外,现阶段变电站使用的蓄电池装置多为整组充电装置,因此有必要开展蓄电池组单体电池之间的充电均衡系统研究,提出最佳均衡策略,研制充电均衡系统,使单体蓄电池达到最佳的充放电状态,实现均衡控制,对于减少蓄电池的极化消耗,延长蓄电池寿命,维持电网的稳定运行至关重要。本文主要研究内容如下:(1)选择BP神经网络开展蓄电池SOC(State of Charge荷电状态,蓄电池剩余容量和额定容量的百分比)的估算研究,以变电站中常用的阀控铅酸蓄电池为研究对象,将蓄电池的电压、内阻和温度作为神经网络的输入,SOC作为神经网络的输出进行模型的构建,并且结合110k V变电站中的300组现场蓄电池SOC测量数据,利用MATLAB软件进行相关仿真验证,确认采用神经网络进行蓄电池SOC估算的准确性。(2)开展蓄电池各均衡方案对比研究,分析电阻均衡、电感均衡、电容均衡、变压器均衡、cuk斩波电路均衡、DC/DC均衡的工作原理,创新性地提出将DC/DC技术应用于变电站蓄电池组均衡,并利用MATLAB中的Simulink组件进行各均衡方案的仿真验证,根据变电站中实际使用的阀控式铅酸蓄电池类型,选择铅酸电池模块,设置其额定电压为2V,进行电容均衡、电感均衡和DC/DC均衡的仿真,可得到DC/DC均衡的结构相对简单、控制方便,且可以保障均衡效率,在以上几种均衡方案中占据优势,可作为后续变电站阀控铅酸蓄电池充电均衡系统的研制的均衡策略。(3)选用DC/DC均衡开展阀控铅酸蓄电池充电均衡系统的设计,选择飞思卡尔公司的MPC5634M控制器作为系统主控制器,进行电源模块、采集模块和均衡电路的设计。同时,进行系统的软件设计,主要开展了主控制程序设计和均衡系统的程序设计,最终完成了整个蓄电池均衡系统的设计,并进行实验验证了系统的可靠性。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increasing degree of automation of substations in China,the dependence on automatic monitoring,control and alarm of secondary equipment is becoming stronger and stronger.In the event of a power outage,the importance of battery packs as a backup power source for substations is increasingly prominent.However,because the battery pack is composed of multiple single cells,it is difficult to ensure that the charge and discharge levels are completely consistent between the single cells under actual operating conditions.There is an imbalance problem that affects the life and capacity of the battery.It is even difficult to guarantee the normal function and cause irreparable losses.In addition,the battery devices used in substations at this stage are mostly the entire set of charging devices.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out a research on the charge equalization system between the individual batteries of the battery pack and propose the most A good balancing strategy,the development of a charge balancing system,to achieve the best charge and discharge state of the single battery,and to achieve balanced control are essential for reducing the polarization consumption of the battery,extending the battery life,and maintaining the stable operation of the power grid.The main research contents of this article are as follows:(1)Select BP neural network to carry out battery SOC(State of Charge state of charge,battery remaining capacity and percentage of rated capacity)estimation research,build battery SOC estimation model,take valve-regulated lead-acid batteries commonly used in substations as the research object,the battery The voltage,internal resistance and temperature are used as the input of the neural network,and the SOC is used as the output of the neural network to complete the construction of the model,and combined with the SOC measurement data of 300 sets of batteries in the 110 k V substation,using MATLAB software for related simulation verification to confirm that the neural network Accuracy of battery SOC estimation.(2)Carried out a comparative study of various battery balancing schemes,analyzed the working principles of resistance balancing,inductance balancing,capacitance balancing,transformer balancing,cuk chopper circuit balancing,and DC / DC balancing,and innovatively proposed the application of DC / DC technology to substation battery packs Equalization,and use Simulink components in MATLAB to simulate and verify each equalization plan,select the lead-acid battery module according to the type of valve-regulated lead-acid battery actually used in the substation,set its rated voltage to 2V,and perform capacitance equalization and inductance equalization With the simulation of DC / DC equalization,the structure of DC / DC equalization is relatively simple,the control is convenient,and the equalization efficiency can be guaranteed.It has advantages in the above several equalization schemes,which can be used as a subsequent substation valve-controlled lead-acid battery charge equalization Equilibrium strategy for system development.(3)Select DC / DC equalization to develop the design of the valve-regulated lead-acid battery charging equalization system,and select Freescale’s MPC5634 M controller as the system main controller to design the power supply module,acquisition module and equalization circuit.At the same time,the software design of the system was carried out,mainly the main control program design and the balance system program design,and finally the design of the entire battery balance system was completed,and the reliability of the system was verified by experiments.更多还原