【作者】 郑颖；

【导师】 顾婷；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 国际法学， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 国际条约是对国际法主体权利义务的成文化,任何条约效力的实现都离不开条约解释这一个复杂的命题,尤其是国际法治建设的今天,条约解释在国际争端的解决中日益凸显出其重要性。随着时间的推移,条约术语含义与国际形势的变更,演化解释因为它的灵活性与变通性得到频繁的适用。不过,条约解释的国际法规则并没有对演化解释做出明确规定,现实中也没有统一的国际适用规范,司法实践中出现了因为国际法庭的自由裁量权而造成的不合理解释的现象,我国也在一些国际争端的解决中遭受了不合理的利益损失。因此,本文的目的旨在对演化解释有一个全面透彻的了解,认识该解释方法的特点、优势以及产生的问题,在此基础上才能更好地顺应国际法的发展态势,驾驭演化解释方法为我国的国际事务服务,完善我国对国际司法问题的应对。本文共分为五个部分。第一部分是关于演化解释基本概念的剖析,不仅从多角度分析演化解释产生并不断发展的原因,诠释演化解释的具体含义,还将其与传统条约解释方法以及嗣后行为解释方法进行了比较,进而实现对演化解释较为全面的了解。第二部分阐述了演化解释的国际法依据,主要涉及对《维也纳条约法公约》(以下简称《公约》)第31条中含有演化意义的文本的分析。第三部分从实证角度出发,分析了适用演化解释方法所产生的具体问题,这些问题往往构成演化解释发展过程中的重大阻碍,尤其是日益严重的司法造法问题,以及对国家同意原则的不断冲击,都是当今学者关注的重点。第四部分是出于合理适用演化解释的目的,在条约解释需遵守的基本原则上提出的对该解释方法的限制。第五部分则是对未来适用演化解释的展望,除了其所拥有的积极影响,还有我国在条约演化解释发展下的有效应对措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 International treaties are the codification of the rights and obligations of the subjects of international law.The realization of the effectiveness of any treaty can not be separated from the complex proposition of treaty interpretation,especially in the construction of international rule of law today,treaty interpretation is increasingly prominent in the settlement of international disputes.As one of the methods of treaty interpretation,evolutionary interpretation has a history of more than 40 years since its birth,but it didn’t attract the attention of scholars at home and abroad until the recent era.With the passage of time,the changes of meaning of treaty terms and international situation,evolutionary interpretation is frequently applied because of its flexibility.However,the international rules of treaty interpretation do not make clear provisions for evolutionary interpretation,and there is no uniform international applicable norms in reality.In judicial practice,there are some unreasonable interpretations caused by the discretion of the International Court of justice.China has also suffered unreasonable loss of interests in the settlement of some international disputes.Therefore,the purpose of this paper is to have a comprehensive and thorough understanding of evolutionary interpretation,and to understand the characteristics,advantages and problems of this interpretation method.On this basis,we can better adapt to the development trend of international law,control the evolutionary interpretation method to serve China’s international affairs,and improve China’s response to international judicial issues.This paper is divided into five parts.The first part is about the analysis of the basic concepts of evolutionary interpretation.It not only analyzes the reasons for the emergence and continuous development of evolutionary interpretation from multiple perspectives,explains the specific meaning of evolutionary interpretation,but also compares it with traditional treaty interpretation methods and subsequent behavior interpretation methods,so as to realize a more comprehensive understanding of evolutionary interpretation.The second part expounds the international law basis of evolutionary interpretation,mainly involving the analysis of the text with evolutionary significance in Article 31 of the Vienna Convention on the law of Treaties(hereinafter referred to as the "Convention").The third part,from the perspective of empirical analysis,analyzes the specific problems arising from the application of evolutionary interpretation methods,which often constitute a major obstacle in the development process of evolutionary interpretation,especially the increasingly serious judicial law making problems,as well as the continuous impact on the principle of state consent,are the focus of attention of scholars today.The fourth part is for the purpose of reasonable application of evolutionary interpretation,and puts forward the restrictions on the interpretation method based on the basic principles to be abided by in treaty interpretation.The fifth part is the prospect of the application of evolutionary interpretation in the future.In addition to its positive influence,there are also effective countermeasures under the development of treaty evolutionary interpretation in China.更多还原